Computer 101
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| _________ is an area of a computer that holds data that is waiting to be processed. | show 🗑
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| show | CPU
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| ________(hard drives, disks, tapes, etc.) is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis while it is not needed for processing. | show 🗑
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| show | Output
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| show | peripheral devices
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| show | Hypertext
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| Computer hardware in and of itself does not provide a particularly useful mind tool. To be useful, a computer requires a computer program or __________, which is a set of instructions that tells a computer how to perform a particular task. | show 🗑
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| Traditionally, computers have been classified into four categories, from least to most powerful, are microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Personal
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| show | Minicomputer
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| show | terminal
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| show | Mainframes
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| show | Storage media
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| show | Hard drive
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| A CD-ROM drive and a _____ drive are storage devices that use laser technology to read data from optical disks. | show 🗑
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| show | floppy disc drive
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| Most of the computers used in people's homes are based on one of two major platforms--PCs and _____ | show 🗑
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| Windows normally runs on the ____ platform. | show 🗑
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| Computers that operate in essentially the same way are said to be ________. | show 🗑
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| A computer ________ is a collection of computers and other devices that have been connected in order to share data, hardware, and software. | show 🗑
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| The world's largest network, the __________, provides many information services, but the most popular is the World Wide Web, often referred to simply as the Web. | show 🗑
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| If you type the formula a1+b1/2 into a spreadsheet cell. What is the first mathematical operation that occurs? __________ | show 🗑
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| show | exponents
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| In a spreadsheet, referring to a cell with an address such as $B$5 is called using a __________ address. | show 🗑
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| In a spreadsheet, how would you reference the range of cells in column B including rows 3 through 11, using relative addressing? _______ | show 🗑
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| show | automation
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| show | user interface
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| show | PROMPT
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| show | command
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| show | syntax
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| COBOL is a __________ language. | show 🗑
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| show | syntax
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| show | command line
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| Round option buttons sometimes called "________ buttons," allow you to select only one of the options. | show 🗑
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| Square ____________ allow you to select any or all of the options. | show 🗑
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| show | resolution
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| Software for accessing the World Wide Web is called a ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | search engine
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| ___________ ____________ refers to the ability of computers to solve problems and perform tasks that were once thought to be uniquely human. | show 🗑
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| show | ibm.com
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| show | Software
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| show | Pirates
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| show | Pirated
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| show | License
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| show | site
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| show | Shareware
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| show | Public domain
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| Mail ________ is a feature supported by many word processors that enables you to generate form letters. | show 🗑
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| There are two basic categories of software. ____________ software is a program designed for use by end-users. | show 🗑
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| show | Application
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| A _________ bit is an extra bit of information added to every piece of data that is transmitted to make sure it is transmitted accurately | show 🗑
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| An __________ __________ is essentially the controller of all activities that take place on your computer. | show 🗑
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| show | Internal
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| show | Resource
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| ___________ is the most popular operating system for personal computers today. | show 🗑
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| show | Multitasking
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| show | UNIX
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| Before you can store data on a disk, the disk must be _________. | show 🗑
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| System software which helps the computer control a peripheral device, such as a printer or sound card, is called a device _________. | show 🗑
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| A ____________ ___________ allows a programmer to create a program using english-like instructions. | show 🗑
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| ___________ provides a way for people to collaborate their efforts on a project. | show 🗑
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| ____________ software makes calculations based on numbers and formulas the user enters. | show 🗑
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| show | flat
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| You can use _________ _________ software to control another computer remotely. | show 🗑
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| show | online banking
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| show | compatiable
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| New software you purchase will typically come with a ______ program that leads you through the installation process. | show 🗑
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| _____ stores its contents only as long as the computer is on. | show 🗑
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| ______ can be written to and erased by the computer. | show 🗑
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| To increase the speed of data access, a computer might use a ________, which is a special area in computer memory that holds data that you are most likely going to use soon. | show 🗑
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| show | bit or byte
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| There are _______ different characters that can be stored in 1 byte of memory | show 🗑
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| A _______ is a named collection of data that exists on a storage medium such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or a CD. | show 🗑
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| A unique set of letters and numbers that identifies a file is called a _________. | show 🗑
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| A filename might be followed by a _________ which normally describes the type of file. | show 🗑
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| show | cluster
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| show | wildcard
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| show | executable
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| show | Data file
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| show | ROM
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| A _____________ utility can rearrange the files on a disk so that they are stored in contiguous, or back to back sectors of the disk. | show 🗑
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| show | Sequential
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| show | Device letter
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| show | Directory
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| The main directory of a drive is sometimes referred to as the ____ directory. | show 🗑
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| A file specification, more commonly known as the _______, consists of the drive, folder, filename, and extension that identifies a file. | show 🗑
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| show | file manager
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| show | storage medium
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| show | type backup
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| Each 1 or 0 that represents data is called a ____. | show 🗑
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| show | Peripheral
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| Eight bits make a _____. | show 🗑
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| The minimum amount of memory that is required to store one character, or one letter, is 1 ________. | show 🗑
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| The storage technology used for tapes, floppy disks, and hard disks is ________ storage. | show 🗑
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| show | fragmented
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| show | optical
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| The ________ utility can restore deleted files because they will not truly be deleted until you write something over them. | show 🗑
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| When you store a file on a disk, the operating system records the cluster number that contains the beginning of the file in a table called a ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | book disc
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| In Windows, the __________ contains the settings that the computer needs to correctly use its software and hardware devices | show 🗑
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| show | Binary
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| show | Ascii
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| show | RAM
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| show | compiler
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| show | Algorithm
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| In a program, values are stored in structures called ____________. | show 🗑
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| Another way of expressing an algorithm, which looks more like a programming language than structured English, is known as ______________. | show 🗑
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| The computer normally reads a program from top to bottom. A program _________ statement modifies the order in which the computer executes the statements. | show 🗑
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| show | 15
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| statements such as FOR, WHILE, and DO WHILE are ____________ control structures. | show 🗑
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| show | POST (Power On Self Test)
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| Disk storage which is used to simulate Random Access Memory (RAM) is called _________ __________. | show 🗑
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| show | ROM
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| The _____ memory holds data such as your computer system configuration but requires a small amount of electricity to retain it's data. This power is provided by a small battery on the motherboard | show 🗑
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| All computers need a ________ which takes place from the time you turn on the computer and the time it is ready for you to enter commands. | show 🗑
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| show | Microprocessor
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| show | Support
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| A Java program created for the internet is called an __________. | show 🗑
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| show | Mhz
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| show | Cache
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| A _____ is a computer which is based on a central processing unit with a complex instruction set. | show 🗑
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| show | CISC
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| show | Parallel
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| show | I/O, which stands for input/output
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| show | networked
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| show | Outsourcing
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| show | graphics
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| A ______ card is for transmitting data over phone lines. | show 🗑
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| show | Expansion
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| show | benchmark
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| show | memory
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| The first step in the software development cycle is to define the _________. | show 🗑
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| show | gigabytes
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| show | expert
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| show | Rpm
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| The _________ phase of the software development cycle involves making sure the program is consistently producing accurate and desired results. | show 🗑
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| High-performance workstations and servers will often use a ____ drive over an EIDE drive. | show 🗑
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| Computer _________ normally focuses on the design of computer hardware and peripheral devices. | show 🗑
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| show | science
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| The highest Information Technology position in a company is the head of the IS department, the _____. | show 🗑
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| Information _________ focuses mainly on the application of computers in an organizational or business environment. | show 🗑
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| show | GUI
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| The instructions which are currently being executed are stored in _____. | show 🗑
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| The maximum _________ of a monitor is the maximum number of pixels it can display. | show 🗑
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| The _________ phase of the Software Development Life Cycle is when you would be most likely to first create flowcharts. | show 🗑
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| A(n) _____ graphics card displays images more quickly than a normal graphics card. | show 🗑
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| _______ memory stores images for the graphics card before they are displayed. | show 🗑
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| show | Scanner
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| A(n) _____ slot in a laptop uses _______ cards and is often used to add a modem or network card. | show 🗑
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| When a computer allows you to switch out devices while it is on, it is called ___ swap. | show 🗑
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| A __________ __________ is the person who interviews people to determine the requirements of a program, and designs the program. | show 🗑
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| show | Dpi
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| show | alpha
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| show | beta
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| show | Computer-specific
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| A computer network which is restrained to a small area like a campus or building, is called a _____. | show 🗑
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| Within the same LAN, you can use different types of hardware, operating systems, and ________. | show 🗑
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| Networks which span a large area, like the entire world, are called _____'s. | show 🗑
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| show | Stand-alone
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| When you connect your computer to a LAN (local area network), it becomes a ___________. | show 🗑
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| Your computer's physical resources are called ______ resources. | show 🗑
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| show | network
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| show | server
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| show | node
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| A network _______ is also known as a network supervisor and creates user accounts as well as manages the network | show 🗑
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| show | FTP (file transfer protocol)
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| show | mapping
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| When multiple users use one copy of software running off of a server, it is called _________ a program. | show 🗑
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| File _________ is a precaution which allows only one user to edit a data file. | show 🗑
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| The printer which you want the computer to print to when a printer is not specified is called the ________ printer | show 🗑
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| show | NIC (network card)
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| show | ethernet
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| _________ cable, which is sometimes referred to UTP or STP, has a RJ-45 connector on both ends. | show 🗑
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| ______ cable looks similar to a cable-TV cable and has a BNC connector on each end. | show 🗑
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| Sometimes you will not use cables in a network, but will instead use radio or infrared signals. These networks are called __________ networks. | show 🗑
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| A network ____ connects workstations and broadcasts every packet to all of its ports. | show 🗑
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| A dedicated ____ server is dedicated to providing programs and data for workstations but does not process any data. | show 🗑
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| A __________ file server acts as both a file server and workstation. | show 🗑
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| A _____ server receives print requests from other computers and prints them on its printer. | show 🗑
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| On a spreadsheet, the name assigned to a column OR a row is known as a _______. | show 🗑
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| show | queue
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| show | application
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| show | host
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| Your microcomputer can simulate a terminal by using terminal ____________ software. | show 🗑
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| ______-______ processing results in immediate updates(it processes the jobs as it gets them). | show 🗑
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| composed of two parts: The Network ______ software which is installed on a file server, and the Network client software, which handles drive mapping, login information, and more. | show 🗑
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| A ______ installation updates the Windows Registry and Start menu. It also copies some of the program files to your computer. This is used so that you can run the program off of the network server. | show 🗑
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| The quality of a monitor or the image displayed on a monitor is measured by its ____________. | show 🗑
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| A ______ license allows multiple users to use the software. It is often much cheaper than buying many single-user licenses | show 🗑
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| show | workflow
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| show | Store-and-forward
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| show | ARPANET
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| show | internet host
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| show | Internet communications
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| show | random
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| show | lan
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| show | wan (wide area network)
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| The protocol, or set of communications rules, which is most used on the Internet is ______. | show 🗑
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| show | internet
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| An Applications ____________ is a person in a company who designs and creates programs to meet end-users needs. | show 🗑
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| show | dial up
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| The unique number which refers to every computer which is connected to the Internet is called an _____ _________. | show 🗑
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| show | IP address
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| Given the following address, which part specifies a port number:http://66.96.146.161:80/members2/members.html | show 🗑
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| The port number on a computer for accessing FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is port _____. | show 🗑
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| show | routers
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| Sometimes referred to as a FQDN, most people refer to easy-to-remember names like cocacola.com as __________ names. | show 🗑
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| show | top level
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| A web site is composed of many _________. | show 🗑
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| show | URL
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| show | Hypertext
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| show | FTP
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| On a webpage, a _____, sometimes called a hypertext _____ allows you to go to other pages through them. | show 🗑
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| ________ is the process of taking a file from a remote computer and putting it on your computer's hard drive. | show 🗑
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| When you are sending a file from your local computer to a remote computer, it is called ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | Asynchronously
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| show | fields
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| show | Synchronously
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| In an HTML document, there are HTML _______ which act as commands to the internet browser. | show 🗑
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| All information in a computer, whether it's video, sound, text, pictures, etc., is stored as a string of ______. | show 🗑
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| show | connection
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| show | transfer
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| show | Z modem
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| show | operator
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| A power _______ is where your computer loses all power by no fault of your own. This is normally from a malfunction at your local power plant or a downed power line. | show 🗑
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| A copy of data is called a _______. | show 🗑
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| show | differential
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| show | token ring
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| A battery which provides power during power failures or power outages and provides a steady flow of power in case you have a power surge or spike is called a _____. | show 🗑
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| show | MTBF
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| show | payload
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| A _____ virus is a virus which attaches itself to a program like a game or application. | show 🗑
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| show | virus
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| show | boot sector
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| show | macro
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| show | trojan horse
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| show | worm
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| _________ software, sometimes called virus detection software such as McAfee VirusScan, can find and remove viruses. | show 🗑
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| A _________ diagram is used to show how data flows to and from processes in a system. | show 🗑
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| show | Checksum
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| A virus ___________ is a series of bytes which is unique for a certain virus. It acts as an identifier which Antivirus software can use. | show 🗑
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| show | sound
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| show | Incremental
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| Rules that limit what each user can do are called ______ _______. | show 🗑
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| A special hole left by the programmer for emergency situations that can be used by a hacker to enter a system without having to hack each security precaution is called a _______ ______. | show 🗑
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| show | Encryption
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| __________ _____ encryption uses two keys, one key which can encrypt the message, and one which can decrypt the message | show 🗑
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| show | firewall
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| _______ stores information for a website so that it can "remember" you, when you come back. | show 🗑
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| show | downtime
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| ____________ refers to the time that a computer system is not available for use | show 🗑
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| One bit can give ____ different messages. | show 🗑
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| show | 8. 3 bits can carry 8 units of information (23 = 8)
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| The binary system is base ____. | show 🗑
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| show | 7
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| One of the most popular character representation codes, ANSI uses __ bits to represent 256 different characters. | show 🗑
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| show | unicode
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| Data ____________ is the process used to shrink files so that they take up less space. | show 🗑
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| ______ ___________ compresses files into one smaller file. | show 🗑
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| show | 1024
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| _________ is the amount of data that can be sent over a communications channel line in one second. | show 🗑
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| show | serial
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| show | Parallel
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| The _________ of a network is the layout of the communication channels in a communications system | show 🗑
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| The _________ topology connects all computers directly to one device, usually a switch. | show 🗑
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| The _______ topology hooks each computer up to its neighbors in a long chain. | show 🗑
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| show | ring
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| show | mesh
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| show | parity
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| A _______ protocol transmits data at a fixed rate agreed by the sender and receiver | show 🗑
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| An ____________ protocol transmits data with start and stop bits. | show 🗑
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| show | simplex
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| show | half duplex
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| ______-________ communication lets you send and receive at the same time. | show 🗑
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| An __________ system gathers, stores, and provides information to people | show 🗑
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| show | portal
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| An ____________ is a set of people who work together to accomplish a set goal. | show 🗑
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| show | mission
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| _________ is the use of computers or other machines to make certain processes more efficient. | show 🗑
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| show | Computerization
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| _________ __________ management keeps records of the employees employed in an organization along with their salaries, skills, etc | show 🗑
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| There are two types of information: _________ and internal. | show 🗑
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| In a spreadsheet, the intersection of a row and a column is known as a ________. | show 🗑
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| show | Information analysis
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| show | Automation
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| A Cell _______ can consist of just one cell, or a combination of one or more rows and columns. | show 🗑
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| An _________ is an internal network used by a company to provide its employees with access to information | show 🗑
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| A _________ support system helps employees make decisions for semi-structured problems | show 🗑
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| A knowledge-based system, or ______ system, analyzes data and comes up with a decision. | show 🗑
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| When developing expert system applications, it helps to have an expert system _____. | show 🗑
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| Using a method called _______ logic, an expert system can take unsure data, along with the percent of confidence in your unsure data and give you an answer along with its percentage of having given you a correct answer. | show 🗑
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| show | neutral
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| show | point of sale
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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melanie9354
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