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Chapter 4: The DNA StoryChromosomes, Genes and Genomics

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Term
Definition
Anticodon   show
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show A virus that infects and replicates within bacterial cells  
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show The doctrine that DNA codes for RNA through transcription and RNA is converted to protein through translation  
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show The structure in the nucleoid or cell nucleus that carries heredity information in the form of genes  
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show The three-base sequence on the mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid insertion into a polypeptide  
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show The comparison of DNA sequences between organisms  
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid   show
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DNA polymerase   show
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Double Helix   show
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Exon   show
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show A segment of a DNA molecule that provides the biochemical information for a functional product  
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show The process by which the information in a gene is transcribed and translated into protein  
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Genetic Code   show
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Genomics   show
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show The passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring  
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Human Endogenous Retrovirus   show
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show The complete set of genetic information in a human cell  
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show An international scientific research project that sequenced the human DNA in a cell, and is identifying and mapping all of the genes  
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Human Microbiome   show
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Intron   show
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Messenger RNA   show
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Metagenome   show
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show The study of genes isolated directly from environmental samples  
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show The discipline involved with the recognition, identification, and control of a pathogen  
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show The discipline of sequencing, analyzing, and comparing microbial genomes  
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Microbiome   show
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Nucleotide   show
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Operon   show
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Promoter Site   show
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show A protein that, when bound to the operator, blocks transcription  
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show The nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis and gene control  
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show An RNA transcript that forms part of the ribosomes structure  
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Ribosome   show
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RNA polymerase   show
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show The DNA copying process where each parent (old) strand serves as a template for a new complementary strand  
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Transcription   show
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show A molecule of RNA that unites with amino acids and transports them to the ribosome in protein synthesis  
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show The biochemical process in which the code on the mRNA molecule is made into a sequence of amino acids  
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