Mr. Stickler's HIST 11 Final Exam Flashcards 2016
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| What does the term "Progressivism" relate to? | "A group of different ideas and activities. It was not a tightly organized political movement . . . rather it was a series of responses to problems in American society." (Pg. 292)
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| List some of social problems that Progressives tried to solve? | Poverty among immigrant populations, alcoholism, crime, and women's voting rights.
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| What was the 17th Amendment related to? | This Amendment related to the direct election of Senators by voters. It was passed in 1913. (Pg. 295)
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| What does Social Darwinism mean? | "In international affairs, Roosevelt was a Social Darwinist. He believed the United States was in competition with other nations of the world and that only the fittest would survive." (PG. 300)
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| Who was Jacob Riis? | He studied the lives of immigrants who lived in large cities such as New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago. When he saw the poor conditions they were living in, he tried to help them by asking the government to create laws aimed at protecting them.
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| What was the Pure Food and Drug Act? | This Act prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs. (Pg. 302)
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| What was the Meat Inspection Act of 1906? | It required federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce & required the Agriculture Department to set standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants. (Pg. 302)
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| What was the "Open Door Policy"? | This was U.S. President McKinley and Secretary of State John Hay's idea that all countries would be allowed to trade with China. (Pg. 276)
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| How does the term "sphere of influence" relate to the Open Door Policy? | Secretary of State John Hay sent letters to all countries who had leaseholds in China (i.e. who controlled a piece of China) asking that they allow China to trade with any country they'd like. (Pg. 277)
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| What does the term "yellow journalism" mean? | This relates to "sensationalist" news reporting where writers greatly exaggerated - and even made up - stories with the goal of attracting more readers & selling more newspapers. (Pg. 269)
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| What is the name of the man who killed Franz Ferdinand and his wife? | The name of the person who killed he and his wife was Gabrilo Princip. ("The Road to War" video.)
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| Which countries belong to the Triple Alliance? | These countries were: Germany, Italy, & Austria-Hungary. (Pg. 320)
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| Which countries belonged to the Triple Entente? | These countries were: Russia, France, & Great Britain. (Pg. 321)
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| What was the purpose of the War Industries Board (WIB)? | The purpose of this group was to "coordinate the production of war materials". (Pg. 328)
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| What was the Great Migration? | This was the name given to the massive migration of African Americans from Southern states to Northern states. They migrated so that they could work in factories such as Henry Ford's new automobile factories. (Pg. 330)
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| List three (3) weapons/ technologies that were developed to try to force enemy soldiers to leave the safety of their trenches during WW I. | 1.) The development of poison gas such as Tear Gas; 2.) The development of highly accurate artillery shells; 3.) The invention of tanks.
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| Why did many Americans feel that entering WWI by sending our soldiers to fight was the "right thing to do"? | Many Americans felt this way because the French had helped us win our independence during the Revolutionary War, so they felt it was "right" to send troops to help France during WWI. (Pg. 339)
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| What were the "Fourteen Points"? | This was the name given to President Wilson's WWI peace plan. (Pg. 342)
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| What does the term "Red Scare" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to a nationwide panic that developed after WWI in the United States. It was related to the fear that Communists (known as "reds") might seize power. (Pg. 351)
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| List three (3) problems that soldiers faced while living in - and fighting from - trenches in World War I. | 1.) Constant exposure to rain & other weather elements; 2.) Infestations of lice; 3.) Exposure to disease carrying animals such as rats. ("World War I in Color" video.)
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| What was the Harlem Renaissance? | A period of artistic development, racial pride, and political organization among African Americans during the 1920's. (Pg. 388)
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| Which Constitutional Amendment instituted Prohibition? | The 18th Amendment. (Pg. 381)
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| Which Constitutional Amendment repealed Prohibition? | The 21st Amendment. (Pg. 381)
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| What are the four (4) elements of “The Consumer Society”? | 1. Easy consumer credit; 2. Mass Advertising; 3. The Managerial Revolution; 4. Welfare Capitalism.
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| How are Henry Ford, the “model T” ford vehicle, and assembly lines are related? | Henry Ford created the Model T ford and then created the assembly line system of manufacturing to make it faster. This reduced costs so that more people can afford to buy them. (Pg. 368)
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| What were the three (3) roots of the Great Depression? | 1.) An uneven distribution of income; 2.) Loss of export sales; 3.) Mistakes by the Federal Reserve Board. (Pgs. 404 & 405)
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| What was the "Bonus Army"? | This was the name given to the large number of World War I veterans who marched to Washington, D.C. to support passage of a bill that would allow them to get their $1,000 veteran bonuses right away (instead of making them wait until 1945). (Pg. 415)
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| What happened on "Black Tuesday"? | On that day, stock market prices fell drastically. 16 million shares of stock were sold in a single day & the stock market lost between $10 billion to $15 billion in value. Triggered the Great Depression. (Pg. 403)
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| What environmental event worsened the Great Depression? | Drought and resulting crop failures, which were the two causes of the "Dust Bowl" event.
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| List the two (2) things that President Herbert Hoover did to try to rescue banks during the Great Depression. | 1.) He set up the National Credit Corporation (NCC), which pooled money and allowed troubled banks to keep loaning money in their communities; 2.) Set up the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to make loans to businesses. (Pg. 413)
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| What does the term "public works" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "government financed building projects". (Pg. 412)
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| What was the "New Deal"? | This was the name given to President Roosevelt's policies for ending the Great Depression. (Pg. 423)
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| What is the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)? | This commission was created to help regulate the stock market and prevent fraud. (Pg. 426)
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| What is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)? | This corporation provides government insurance for bank deposits up to a certain amount. It was created to help increase the public's confidence in the bank's ability to protect their money. (Pg. 426)
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| What was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)? | The CCC offered unemployed young males from the ages of 18 to 25 the opportunity to work under the direction of the forestry service planting trees, fighting forest fires, & building reservoirs. (Pg. 430)
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| Why was the Social Security Act an important piece of legislation? | It provided a basic social safety net for the elderly, the unemployed, and other vulnerable groups.
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| List the names of the groups that made up the New Deal Coalition. | 1.) African Americas; 2.) Farmers; 3.) Labor (i.e. Unions); 4.) Minorities; 5.) New Immigrants; 6.) Women; 7.) Intellectuals; 8.) and Progressives.
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| What was the Neutrality Act of 1935? | This legislation made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war. (Pg. 458)
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| What does the term "appeasement" mean/ refer to where WW II is concerned? | This term refers to the incident in which Britain and France gave in to Adolph Hitler's demands at the Munich Conference. (Pg. 461)
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| What does the term "blitzkrieg" mean/ refer to? | This term means "lightning war". This is the type of attack that Germany used against Poland that used tanks and waves of aircraft in the attack. (Pg. 462)
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| What does the term "Gestapo" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the German government's secret police force during World War II.
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| What was the "hemispheric defense zone"? Why was it developed?` | This was an imaginary line dividing the Atlantic Ocean to justify patrolling for German submarines that were disrupting British shipping.
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| Why was the United States unprepared for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor? | The United States did not expect Japan to attack a target at such a distance. It also failed to correctly interpret military information.
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| According to "Third Reich: The Rise", why might Adolph Hitler be called the "savior of the poor" in Germany? | He might be called this because, by explaining his plan to put unemployed Germans back to work, the poor/ lower classes believed Hitler would "save" them and make Germany great again. ("Third Reich: The Rise" video notes)
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| According to the German propaganda film showing the Oranienburg Concentration Camp in 1933, what was life like for those who were imprisoned there? What was the reality? | In the film, it looked like it was a camp where prisoners were given plenty of exercise, good food, and free time. In reality, prisoners are beaten & they "dare not say a word"; "at night, you could hear the groans and sobbing of those who were beaten".
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