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Importance of Reading and Writing in Communication

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Term
Definition
Processing Speed   Ability to retrieve quickly the names of familiar symbols, such as letters and digits  
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Memory   Ability to remember the pronunciation of familiar words in print  
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Automaticity   The ability tor had connected text rapidly, smoothly, effortlessly, and automatically with little conscious attention to the mechanics of reading, such as decoding  
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Prolonged Awareness   Ability to reflect phoneme segments of speech  
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Prolonged Awareness   The number one predictor of a child's reading ability  
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Oral Language   Phonological awareness and print and alphabetic concepts are learned within a stimulating oral language environment  
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2100   High-income children hear approximately how many word/hour compared to economically depressed children only hear 600 words/hour ?  
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Reading   A process by which one constructs meaning from printed symbols  
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Indirect Word identification   Decoding (sounding out words); Sound symbol correspondences  
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Direct Word Identification   Sight word reading; Visual, orthographic representations (e.g., tion=shun)  
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Text Comprehension   How written language is understood; How meaning is derived and interpreted; Culmination of word recognition, vocabulary knowledge, listening comprehension and general cognitive skills  
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Preschool   Age where word awareness, syllable awareness, and rhyming is expected to develop  
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Early Kindergarten   Age where beginning of sound awareness, sound blending, and onset-rime is expected to develop  
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Kindergarten   Age where phoneme identification and sound segmenting is expected to develop  
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Environmental Print Awareness   Children recognize familiar symbols and demonstrate knowledge that print carries meaning  
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Concepts of Print   Children demonstrate accepted standards of practice for interacting with print  
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Alphabetic Letter Knowledge   Children recognize printed letters and understand the letter-sound relationship  
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Stage 0   Stage of reading development involving pre-reading/emergent reading  
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Stage 1   Stage of reading development involving initial reading or decoding  
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Stage 2   Stage of reading development involving confirmation  
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Stage 3   Stage of reading development involving reading for learning the new  
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Stage 4   Stage of reading development involving multiple viewpoints  
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Stage 5   Stage of reading development involving construction and deconstructions  
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Reading   Goes from grapheme to phoneme  
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Spelling   Goes from phoneme to grapheme  
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Spelling   A major task in learning to read and spell is to become sufficiently familiar with the ____ of words so that information about their letters is retained in memory for later reading and spelling  
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40   Distinctive sounds in English?  
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70   Letter/Letter-comninations to represent English sounds?  
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Orthographic knowledge   Knowledge of the spelling patterns of words stored in memory that do not conform to regular spelling patterns  
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Mingle   Knowledge needed to spell= spelling patterns, e.g. _____?  
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PA   Allows student to segment words into phonemes  
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Orthographic knowledge   Allows student to recognize that some letter combinations are allowed and others are not  
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Morphological knowledge   Allows student to recognize base words and their inflected forms  
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Reading   This acquisition begins long before the learner receives formal instruction  
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First   What grade should children learn to decode in to prevent subsequent reading failure?  
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Emergent   SLPs participate in ______ literacy preventative interventions to reduce the chance of reading failure in later school years  
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Screennings   Emergent literacy intervention used for pre-kindergarten and kindergarten students  
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RTI   Emergent literacy intervention model used for school-age children  
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Developmental Dyslexia   Most common learning disability  
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ACT   Replaces No Child Left Behind  
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ESSA   Contains new literacy program that replaces NCLB's Early Reading First and Reading First programs  
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