urinalysis
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| What does specific gravity measure? | The number of particles dissolved in a solution.
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| What is orthostatic proteinuria? | Protein in the urine that is associated with normal activities rather than disease.
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| What is the average, normal daily urine output for an adult? | 1500 mL
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| What is anuria? | The cessation of urine output (no urine output).
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| What glycoprotein forms the major constituent of hyaline casts? | Tamm-Horsfall protein
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| What reaction detects the presence of bilirubin? | The diazo reaction
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| Does diabetes mellitus increase or decrease the urine output? | Diabetes mellitus increases urine output.
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| What is the most commonly seen type of cast, and is this cast pathogenic or nonpathogenic? | Hyaline casts
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| What pigment gives urine its normal yellow color? | Urochrome
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| What is the functional unit of the kidney? | Nephron
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| What genetic condition causes an accumulation of homogentisic acid in blood and urine? | Alkaptonuria
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| What is the medication prescribed for urinary tract infections which results in an intensely orange color in urine? | Pyridium
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| What compound causes urine to darken upon standing, and indicates malignant melanoma? | Melanin
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| What urine analyte reacts with tetrabromphenol blue on the reagent test strip? | Protein
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| What is the term for increased urine production at night? | Nocturia
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| What urine analyte reacts with nitroprusside on the reagent test strip? | Ketones
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| What is the term for increased daily urine output? | Polyuria
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| What is the confirmatory test for presence of bilirubin? | Icotest
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| What is the commercially available copper reduction test which uses Benedict's reagent to test for reducing sugars? | Clinitest
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| What test is used to assess renal damage in the early stages of diabetes? | Microalbumin
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| What genetic condition gives urine a mousy odor? | PKU
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| What hemoglobin-like protein is found in muscle tissue which gives urine a clear red color? | Myoglobin
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| What kidney condition may occur secondary to a Group A streptococcus respiratory infection? | Glomerulonephritis
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| What urine analyte reacts with diazonium salts on the reagent test strip? | Bilirubin
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| What is an infection of the renal tubules and kidneys called? | Pyelonephritis
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| What is the term for cessation of urine output? | Anuria
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| What microscopic elements formed by precipitation of salts, organic compounds, or medications might be seen in urine? | Crystals
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| What is the term for decreased daily urine output/ | Oligouria
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| In the kidney, substances from the blood are filtered by the: | Glomeruli
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| What is the term for increased daily urine output? | Oliguria
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| Pyuria describes a urine with a: | Large amount of white blood cells
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| The test for acetone is the: | Acetest
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| Bence-Jones protein is a pseudoprotein found in: | Multiple myeloma
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| Protein that coagulates and assumes the shape of the tubule is called a: | Cast
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| What is a semiqualitative test for proteinuria? | The sulfosalicylic acid test
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| What is the normal specific gravity of a 24 hour urine specimen? | 1.015 – 1.025
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| Porphyrins can be detected using: | Ultraviolet light
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| In a healthy person, protein in the urine may be caused by: | Strenuous exercise
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| A blackish brown color in urine may be caused by: | Melanin from malignant melanoma
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| Turbidity in an acidic urine may be caused by: | Urates
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| What would be a cause of low specific gravity? | Diabetes insipidus
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| What would be a pathological cause for protein in the urine? | pre-eclampsia
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