Science Glossary terms
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| Abiotic | A nonliving factor or element
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| Acid Deposition | Precipitation with a pH less than 5.6 that forms in the atmosphere when certain pollutants mix with water vapor
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| Allele | Any set of possible forms of a gene
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| Biochemical conversion | The changing of organic matter into other chemical forms
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| Biological diversity | The variety and complexity of species present and interacting in an ecosystem and the relative abundance of each
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| Biomass conversion | The changing of organic matter that has been produced by photosynthesis into useful liquid gas or fuel
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| biomes | A community of living organisms of a single major ecological region
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| biotechnology | the ways that humans apply biological concepts to produce products and provide services
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| biotic | an environmental factor related to or produced by living organisms
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| composting | the process of mixing decaying leaves, manure and other nutritive matter to improve and fertilize soil
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| consumer | the organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms and their remains
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| decomposer | an organism, including fungi and rodents, that obtain nutrients by consuming dead organic matter
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| delineate | to trace the outline; to draw; to sketch; to depict or picture
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| dichotomous | divided into two parts or classification
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| ecosystem | a community of living organisms and their interrelated physical and chemical environment
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| endangered species | a species that is in danger of extinction
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| environment | the total of one's surroundings including plants or animals, climate and location
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| enzyme | a protein that acts as an organic catalyst
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| evolution | a process of change that explains why what we see today is different from what existed in the past
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| extinction | the complete elimination of a species
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| fact | information that has been objectively verified
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| geology | the study of earth's mineral
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| groundwater | water that infiltrates the soil and is located in the underground reservoirs called aquifers
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| homeostasis | the tendency for a system to remain in a state of equilibrium
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| hydrology | the study of water
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| hypothesis | an educated guess; an assertion subject to verification
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| inquiry | a systematic process for using knowledge and skills to acquire and apply new knowledge
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| law | summarizing statement of observed experimental facts that has been tested MANY times and is generally accepted as true
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| lentic | relating to or living in still water
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| lotic | relating to or living in actively moving water
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| mitosis | a process of cell division that follows a series of steps and results in a replicated chromosome
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| model | a representation of something to aid in understanding
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| niche | the role played by an organism in an ecosystem
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| nonrenewable resources | substances (oil, gold, copper, gas) that once used, cannot be replaced
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| nova | a star that increases in intensity for a brief period of time
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| pest | a label applied to an organism when it is in competition with humans for some resources
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| radioactive isotope | an atom that gives off nuclear radiation and has the same number of protons (atomic number) as another atom but has a different number of neutrons
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| recycling | collection and reprocessing a resource or product to make new products
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| renewable | a naturally occurring raw material or form of energy that will be replenished through natural ecological cycles or sound management practices
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| scale | relates concepts and ideas to one another by some measurement
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| science | search for understanding the natural world using inquiry and experimentation
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| stream order | energy and nutrient flow that increases as water moves toward the oceans (e.g. the smallest stream (primary) that ends when rivers flow into oceans)
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| succession | the series of changes that occur in an ecosystem with the passing of time
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| system | a group of related objects that work together to achieve a desired result; open-loop system; closed-loop system; subsystem
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| theory of evolution | a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types that the the distinguishable differences are due to modification in successive generations
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| theory | systematically organized knowledge applicable in a relatively wide variety of circumstances; a system of assumptions devised to explain a specified set of phenomena
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| tool | any device used to extend human capability including computer-based tools
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| trophic levels | the role of an organism in nutrient and energy flow within an ecosystem (e.g. herbivore, carnivore, decomposer)
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| watershed | the land area from which surface runoff drains into a stream, channel, lake, reservoir or other body of water; also called a drainage basin
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| wetlands | lands where water saturation is the dominant factor determining the nature of the soil development and the plant and animal communities (e.g. sloughs, estuaries, marshes)
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