1.2 - The problems facing the Provisional Government
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| What was significant about the March 1917 revolution? | It wasn't planned. It was a spontaneous outpouring caused by despair and suffering that resulted from the war.
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| As well as the March 1917 revolution itself, what was not planned? Why? | No group had planned to take control; no group had planned what to do if there was no tsar because, to almost everyone, that thought was impossible.
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| Due to the lack of groups having planned to take control after the March 1917 revolution, who did take control of Russia? | The Provisional Government
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| Who was in charge of the Provisional Government? | Prince Lvov at first and then from July 1917 Alexander Kerensky.
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| What did the Provisional Government face? | Many daunting problems.
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| What were the daunting problems faced by the Provisional Government? | >Their decisions being questioned by the Petrograd Soviet
>Its temporary nature
>Most Russians wanting an end to the war
>Peasants demanding land from landlords
>The economic situation getting worse
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| Give more detail on the Provisional Government (PG)'s decisions being questioned by the Petrograd Soviet (PS) as being a daunting problem they had to face: | The PG members were unused to making decisions. Their previous role was limited to advising the Tsar. Now they had to make decisions, but these were questioned by the Petrograd Soviet. The PS issued Order Number One, making this a period of dual authority
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| What was Order Number One? | It stated that soldiers need not obey any orders from the Duma-based Provisional Government that had not been agreed by the Soviet.
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| What was the Petrograd Soviet? | A workers' and soldiers' council.
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| Give more detail on the Provisional Government's temporary nature being one of the daunting problems it had to face: | It assumed responsibility until elections could be held. However, this was difficult to organise while the war continued. Meanwhile, members were reluctant to make major decisions.
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| Give more detail on most Russians wanting to end the war as being one of the daunting problems that the Provisional Government had to face: | Despite this view, Kerensky realised that Russia needed support from the Western allies, and that it was important for Russia to continue fighting on the Eastern Front to take pressure off France and Britain on the Western Front.
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| What did Kerensky hope Russian victories would do? | Restore morale.
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| Give more detail on peasants demanding land from landlords being one of the daunting problems the Provisional Government had to face: | Despite this demand, the Provisional Government needed to keep support from the influential groups in Russian society (the landlords), and no decision about land was made. Meanwhile, many peasants seized land for themselves.
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| Who were the landlords that the peasants demanded land from? | The nobles and the Church
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| What did the peasants seizing land for themselves (as a result of the Provisional Government making no decision about land) encourage? | It encouraged many peasant soldiers to desert their place in the army to gain their share.
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| Give more detail on the worsening economic situation being one of the daunting problems the Provisional Government had to face: | Inflation continued. Shortages and levels of starvation only eased slightly because of the summer season.
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