Change the nature and content of text files
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Removes characters and fields from lines of text in a text stream | cut
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| cut Options: cuts characters | cut -c
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| cut Options: cuts fields | cut -f
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| cut Options: delimiter | cut -d
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| cut Options: remove lines that do not have a field delimiter | cut -s
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| cut Options: Select only bytes | cut -b
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| Replace TABS with Spaces | expand
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| Specify the number of spaces for expand (with no option, default is 8 spaces) | expand -t (number)
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| Change SPACES into a tab | unexpand
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| unexpand Option: Change all occurrences – without –a command changes only leading spaces | unexpand -a
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| unexpand Option: Specify number of spaces to be changed (default is 8) | unexpand -t (number)
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| Format lines in file or text stream to a uniform length (default is 75) | fmt
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| fmt option: Specifies number of characters for the width | fmt -w (number)
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| fmt Option: Prevent formatting lines shorter than the specified length | fmt -s
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| Combines text form 2 files based on IDENTICAL fields - by default fields offset by whitespace | join
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| join Options: Ignore case when searching for identical text | join -i
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| join Options: Specifies number of field to use when joining | join -j
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| join Options: Number of the field from the 1st listed file to use when joining | join -1
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| join Options: Number of the field from the 2nd listed file to use when joining | join -2
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| join Options: Character used as delimiter |
join -t
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| join Example: Using the 2nd field of each file as join field (o/p from sort piped to join) | sort –n text1 | join-1 2 -2 2 text5
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| Places a line number in front of each line in text file | nl
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| nl Options: Specifies the increment to use in numbering | nl -i
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| nl Options: Starting number | nl -v
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| nl Options: Specifies the text to place between number and the line- default is 2 spaces | nl -s
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| Displays the contents of any file in octal, decimal, hexadecimal, or character format | od
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| od Option: Radix of the file offset o = octal, d = decimal, x = hexadecimal and n = no offset | od -A (Example: od –A d –t c text2b)
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| od Option: Controls the form of the display | od -t
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| od Option: Character dump | od -c
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| Adds contents of one file to the contents of another on a LINE BY LINE basis | paste
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| paste Option: Specifies the character to be placed between the conjoined lines on each file (single character only) | paste -d
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| paste Example; place a @ symbol between each line of file1 and file2 | paste –d @ file1 file2
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| Formats a text file for printing | pr
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| pr Options:Double space lines | pr -d
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| pr Options: Specifies text to replace file name (default) in header | pr -h
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| pr Options: Specify number of lines per page (default = 66) | pr -l
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| pr Options: Have no header or footer | pr -t
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| pr Options: Omit file name (blank) | pr -m
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| pr Options: Create a left-hand margin | pr -o
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| pr Example: Create a left hand margin of 4 spaes | pr –o 4
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| Sorts each line in a file or text stream alphabetically | sort
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| sort Options: Ignore blank leading spaces | sort -b
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| sort Options: use 1st alpha-numeric character and ignore special characters | sort -d
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| sort Options: Ignore case | sort -f
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| sort Options: Sort by month | sort -M
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| sort Options: Sort by numeric value | sort -n
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| sort Options: sort in reverse order | sort -r
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| Split lines of text form file or text stream into segments of specified number of lines | split
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| split Options: Specify number of lines per file | split -1 or -number
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| split Options: Splits into specified byte size instead of lines | split -b
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| split Options: Use numeric suffixes rather than alphabetic for file names | split -d
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| split Options: Specifies number of characters in the suffix | split -a
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| split Example: Splits the AllNames file into individual files containing 50 lines = FiftyNames-001, FiftyNames002 etc. | split -50 –d –a 3 AllNames FiftyNames
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| Filters identical lines form a file – lines must be adjacent (use sort) | uniq
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| uniq Options: Print duplicate lines only | uinq -d
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| uniq Options: Specifies number of initial words to skip (words delimited by white-space) | unig -f
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| uniq Options: Specify the number of initial characters to skip | uniq -s
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| uniq Options: Specifies number of characters to compare | unig -w
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| uniq Options: Leave out duplicate lines | uniq -u
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| Prints number of lines, words, and bytes from text in file or text stream | wc
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| wc Options: Print BYTES | wc -c
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| wc Options: print CHARACTERS = identical to bytes | wc -m
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| wc Options: Print LINES | wc -l
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| wc Options: Specifies length of longest line | wc -L
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| wc Options: Print WORD COUNT | wc -w
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| Transposes characters in a text stream (only works with character streams)- has 2 character sets - 1st set specifies characters to be changed 2nd set specifies how they should be changed - usually text stream derived from cat command (piped to command) | tr
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| tr Options: Change all characters except those specified in 1st set | tr -c
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| tr Options: Deletes characters found in 1st set | tr -d
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| tr Options: Changes double-characters to single ones | tr -s
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| tr Options: Truncate (shorten) the 1st set of characters to match size of 2nd set | tr -t
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| Create reports based in data retrieved from files, build databases, or perform mathematical operations against numbers in text files | awk
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| awk Options: Specifies file | awk -f
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| awk Options: Specify DELIMITER to be used | awk -F
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| awk Options: Used to designate FIELDS | $#
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| awk Options: Used to insert a TAB | \t
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| awk Options: Used to insert a NEW LINE | \n
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| awk Options: Used to insert a form-feed character | \f
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| awk Options: Used to insert a CARRIAGE RETURN | \r
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
johnadream
Popular Computers sets