Chemistry as it pertains to Phlebotomy
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| What are analytes? | Substances being analyzed.
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| What 2 analytes are mostly sent to the chemistry lab? | Serum & Plasma
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| Break down and define the word Hyperglycemic. | Hyper-elevated Gly-glucose Cemic-bloodElevated blood sugar
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| What is Quality Assurance? | Every aspect of the patients testing from time it was ordered until results are posted on the patients chart.
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| What steps of QA is pre-analytical? | Patient preparation. specimen collection. Handling. Storage. Delivery
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| What steps of QA is analytical? | Specimen processing/testing/reporting
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| What steps of QA is post-analytical? | posting of results & evaluation.
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| What are the 4 tubes commonly used for Chem tests? | Grey (plasma). ***SST (serum)***Green, heparin (plasma)****Red, none (serum)
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| Is plasma and serum intercellular fluids or extracellular fluids? | Extracellular
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| What is the difference between Plasma and serum? | Plasma contains fibrinogen. Serum does NOT contain fibrinogen.
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| Give three reasons a specimen is deemed unacceptable. | Hemolysis-breakage of RBCs. Gycolysis-sits too long before separation. Improper collection.
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| Potassium is a major intracellular component. Why is that important to know as a phlebotomist? What can happen? | Hemolysis breaks the RBC and K (potassium) is released to the plasma.A high number indicated heart attack.
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| What are common electrolytes? | Sodium, potassium, chloride, COs
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| What are some common causes of Hemolysis? | difficult draw. Forcing blood through small needle(syringe). Specimen handling (shaking)transport issuesmix w/ iv drips
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| Define glycolysis | breakdown of sugar
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| What happens to a blood sample that does not get centrifuged in a timely manner? | glycolysis continues, and the glycose levels decrease at a rate of 2-3% per hour.
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| give 3 examples of how to prevent glycolysis. | Use grey top tube. Additive will stop the breakdown.**Separate quickly.**Use SST tube and separate.
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| Give a common test for the Pituitaty glands. | TSH
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| Give a test example for the Thyroid. | T4, TSH
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| Give an example of a test involving the Parathyroid. | Calcium
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| Give and example of a blood test for the lungs. | CO2
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| Give an example of a test for the heart. | Na (sodium)--- K (potassium)---CKMB (creatnine)--- Trop (troponin)
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| Give some examples of tests for the liver. | Bilirubin, ALT, AST, GGT, Alk Phos
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| What is a common test for the adrenal glands? | Cortisol
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| Give 2 test common for the pancreas. | Amylase, Lipase
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| What are some tests usually associated with the ovaries? | HCG, FSH, LH
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| What are some tests usually associated with the testes? | HCG, testosterone
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| What are some common therapeautic drugs that are monitored by blood tests? | Antiepileptic. anatiaarrhytimic. antibiotics. antidepressants. immunosuppressants
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| When should you draw blood for therapeutic drug levels/ | At its peak.
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Leilac
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