Exam #2 Review
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| Which system directly controls all aspects of human communication? | Central nervous system
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| What causes the changes in resonance in speech? | Modification of the shape of the vocal tract as sound moves through the oral cavity
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| What are the four lobes of the brain? | Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
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| Which are the components of the phonatory system? | Thyroid cartilage, larynx, arytenoid cartilages
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| What occurs during phonation? | The vocal folds adduct or come together
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| What is the function of the diaphragm in speech? | Contracts causing the lungs to expand for inhalation
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| Which articulatory structure is the most critical for production of speech sounds? | The tongue
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| What results when the velum remains relaxed throughout production of all sounds? | Hypernasality
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| Which system provides the power source for speech? | Respiratory system
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| Which of the three major divisions of the brain is responsible for body posture, balance and motor coordination? | Cerebellum
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| What are intonation, prosody and rate of speech considered? | Suprasegmentals
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| Which sounds are produced with an open vocal tract and are always voiced? | Vowels
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| At what age should children have acquired correct production of all speech sounds? | 8
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| What sounds were produced by the 4 month old children? | Produces a variety of vocalizations
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| Which sounds are produced with some constriction of the vocal tract and can be voiced or voiceless? | Consonants
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| How well did you understand the three year old? - what was his intelligibility? | 75%
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| Which are an example of manner, place and voicing | Stops, bilabial, voiceless
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| At which age should a child's speech be 75% intelligible to an unfamiliar listener? | 3 years old
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| John is a 15 year old boy who stutters. Louisa is a 3 year old girl who has frequent disfluencies in her speech. Which of the following is an accurate statement? | Louisa may "outgrow her disfluent speech.
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| What is the definition of stuttering? | Involuntary repetition and interruption of speech sounds
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| Which of the following is used to differentiate stuttering from normal dysfluency? | Frequency of the disfluency (<5%, >5%)
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| Which of the following is the best example of someone who stutters? | I g-g-got it from school.
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| When working with parents of children with early dysfluency, the speech language pathologist would probably recommend which of the following? | Model, slow easy speech
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| Which describes the most thorough way to measure disfluent behavior in an assessment? | Measure frequency and duration of disfluencies as well as physical behaviors accompanying disfluent behavior in conversation and reading
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| At what age would you see stuttering that is considered normal? | Three year old
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| Which term describes an impairment in the ability to swallow? | dysphagia
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| During which phase does the following occur? Transportation of the bolus to the stomach by the esophagus with peristaltic contractions. | Esophageal stage
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| Which of the following is a symptom of dysphagia? | Coughing when swallowing
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| During which phase does the following occur? Transport of the bolus from the oral cavity into the pharynx | Oral transport phase
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| SLPs use a variety of methods to evaluate swallowing status in adults and children. Which of the following best describes a modified barium swallow study (MBS)? | an x-ray involving patient swallowing food with a variety of thickness/consistency
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| During which phase does the following occur? Movement of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus | Pharyngeal phase
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| What is the primary purpose of the epiglottis? | To protect the airway when swallowing
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| What is the most common medical complication caused by dysphagia? | Aspiration
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| What is a common treatment for persons with swallowing difficulties? | Using appropriate thickness/consistency of food person is capable of swallowing
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| During which phase does the following occur? Preparation of food in mouth for transport to stomach. Tongue moves food into a bolus. | Oral prepatory phase
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| Which is true of a typically developing 2 year old (24 months)? | Has an oral vocabulary of at least 50 words and begins using two-word phrases
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| At what age would you expect a child to be using sentences that have an average length of 3-4 words? | 3 years
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| Which definition describes the morphology component of normal language? | rules for word forms and markers such as plurals and verb tense
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| Which components of normal language is part of the use area? | Pragmatics
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| Which definition describes the pragmatics component of normal language? | language use in various social settings
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| Which component/s of normal language is part of the content area? | Semantics
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| Which definition describes the syntax component of normal language" | grammatical structure and word order of language
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| Which definition describes the semantic component of normal language? | vocabulary, word meanings, concepts and ideas
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| Which component/s of normal language is part of the form area? | Phonology, morphology, phonology
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| Which definition describes the phonology component of normal language? | spoken sounds of language and rules for using those sounds
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| Which type of aphasia affects all domains of language? | Global
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| The client says: "I am going to a thing where everyone eats cake and opens presents on the day after Friday." What is this type of error? | Circumlocution
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| Which part of the brain is associated with non-fluent aphasia? | Broca's area
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| Which type of impairment is progressive? | Dementia
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| What is this an example of: "fife for life"? | Paraphasia
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| What is the most common cause of brain damage resulting in aphasia? | Stroke
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| What is the most common form of dementia? | Alzheimer's
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| Which part of the brain is associated with fluent aphasia? | Wernicke's area
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| What is the term for difficulty retrieving the word which names an object? | Anomia
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| What is the term used for substituting one word for another? | Paraphasia
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| What are some early signs and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder? | Lack of age appropriate development of pointing, joint attention and interest in mother's voice
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| Which is true of a typically developing 2 year old (24 months)? | Has an oral vocabulary of at least 50 words and begins using two-word phrases
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| Which of the following is true of dyslexia? | Dyslexia is a language based disorder of reading and writing
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| What are the two behaviors a person must demonstrate to be diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder? | Impairment in social communication skills and demonstrates repetitive, restricted behaviors
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| What must be observed in a child in order to diagnose the child with Specific Language Impairment? | The child's language development is below expectation for chronological age with the absence of other handicapping conditions
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| When would you diagnose a child with a language disorder? | Child is not developing English language skills as well as same age peers
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| A person diagnosed with an intellectual disability must have deficits in two areas. What are these two areas? | Intellectual function and adaptive skills
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| What are the two factors that must be present in order for a child to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder? | Symptoms must be present in early childhood and must limit or impair daily functioning
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| At what age must a person with intellectual disability be diagnosed? | Before age 22
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| What rating scale is used to determine a person's progress over time following a Traumatic Brain Injury? | Ranchos Los Amigos Scale of Cognitive Functioinong
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