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SPHS 2015 Exam #2
Exam #2 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which system directly controls all aspects of human communication? | Central nervous system |
| What causes the changes in resonance in speech? | Modification of the shape of the vocal tract as sound moves through the oral cavity |
| What are the four lobes of the brain? | Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital |
| Which are the components of the phonatory system? | Thyroid cartilage, larynx, arytenoid cartilages |
| What occurs during phonation? | The vocal folds adduct or come together |
| What is the function of the diaphragm in speech? | Contracts causing the lungs to expand for inhalation |
| Which articulatory structure is the most critical for production of speech sounds? | The tongue |
| What results when the velum remains relaxed throughout production of all sounds? | Hypernasality |
| Which system provides the power source for speech? | Respiratory system |
| Which of the three major divisions of the brain is responsible for body posture, balance and motor coordination? | Cerebellum |
| What are intonation, prosody and rate of speech considered? | Suprasegmentals |
| Which sounds are produced with an open vocal tract and are always voiced? | Vowels |
| At what age should children have acquired correct production of all speech sounds? | 8 |
| What sounds were produced by the 4 month old children? | Produces a variety of vocalizations |
| Which sounds are produced with some constriction of the vocal tract and can be voiced or voiceless? | Consonants |
| How well did you understand the three year old? - what was his intelligibility? | 75% |
| Which are an example of manner, place and voicing | Stops, bilabial, voiceless |
| At which age should a child's speech be 75% intelligible to an unfamiliar listener? | 3 years old |
| John is a 15 year old boy who stutters. Louisa is a 3 year old girl who has frequent disfluencies in her speech. Which of the following is an accurate statement? | Louisa may "outgrow her disfluent speech. |
| What is the definition of stuttering? | Involuntary repetition and interruption of speech sounds |
| Which of the following is used to differentiate stuttering from normal dysfluency? | Frequency of the disfluency (<5%, >5%) |
| Which of the following is the best example of someone who stutters? | I g-g-got it from school. |
| When working with parents of children with early dysfluency, the speech language pathologist would probably recommend which of the following? | Model, slow easy speech |
| Which describes the most thorough way to measure disfluent behavior in an assessment? | Measure frequency and duration of disfluencies as well as physical behaviors accompanying disfluent behavior in conversation and reading |
| At what age would you see stuttering that is considered normal? | Three year old |
| Which term describes an impairment in the ability to swallow? | dysphagia |
| During which phase does the following occur? Transportation of the bolus to the stomach by the esophagus with peristaltic contractions. | Esophageal stage |
| Which of the following is a symptom of dysphagia? | Coughing when swallowing |
| During which phase does the following occur? Transport of the bolus from the oral cavity into the pharynx | Oral transport phase |
| SLPs use a variety of methods to evaluate swallowing status in adults and children. Which of the following best describes a modified barium swallow study (MBS)? | an x-ray involving patient swallowing food with a variety of thickness/consistency |
| During which phase does the following occur? Movement of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus | Pharyngeal phase |
| What is the primary purpose of the epiglottis? | To protect the airway when swallowing |
| What is the most common medical complication caused by dysphagia? | Aspiration |
| What is a common treatment for persons with swallowing difficulties? | Using appropriate thickness/consistency of food person is capable of swallowing |
| During which phase does the following occur? Preparation of food in mouth for transport to stomach. Tongue moves food into a bolus. | Oral prepatory phase |
| Which is true of a typically developing 2 year old (24 months)? | Has an oral vocabulary of at least 50 words and begins using two-word phrases |
| At what age would you expect a child to be using sentences that have an average length of 3-4 words? | 3 years |
| Which definition describes the morphology component of normal language? | rules for word forms and markers such as plurals and verb tense |
| Which components of normal language is part of the use area? | Pragmatics |
| Which definition describes the pragmatics component of normal language? | language use in various social settings |
| Which component/s of normal language is part of the content area? | Semantics |
| Which definition describes the syntax component of normal language" | grammatical structure and word order of language |
| Which definition describes the semantic component of normal language? | vocabulary, word meanings, concepts and ideas |
| Which component/s of normal language is part of the form area? | Phonology, morphology, phonology |
| Which definition describes the phonology component of normal language? | spoken sounds of language and rules for using those sounds |
| Which type of aphasia affects all domains of language? | Global |
| The client says: "I am going to a thing where everyone eats cake and opens presents on the day after Friday." What is this type of error? | Circumlocution |
| Which part of the brain is associated with non-fluent aphasia? | Broca's area |
| Which type of impairment is progressive? | Dementia |
| What is this an example of: "fife for life"? | Paraphasia |
| What is the most common cause of brain damage resulting in aphasia? | Stroke |
| What is the most common form of dementia? | Alzheimer's |
| Which part of the brain is associated with fluent aphasia? | Wernicke's area |
| What is the term for difficulty retrieving the word which names an object? | Anomia |
| What is the term used for substituting one word for another? | Paraphasia |
| What are some early signs and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder? | Lack of age appropriate development of pointing, joint attention and interest in mother's voice |
| Which is true of a typically developing 2 year old (24 months)? | Has an oral vocabulary of at least 50 words and begins using two-word phrases |
| Which of the following is true of dyslexia? | Dyslexia is a language based disorder of reading and writing |
| What are the two behaviors a person must demonstrate to be diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder? | Impairment in social communication skills and demonstrates repetitive, restricted behaviors |
| What must be observed in a child in order to diagnose the child with Specific Language Impairment? | The child's language development is below expectation for chronological age with the absence of other handicapping conditions |
| When would you diagnose a child with a language disorder? | Child is not developing English language skills as well as same age peers |
| A person diagnosed with an intellectual disability must have deficits in two areas. What are these two areas? | Intellectual function and adaptive skills |
| What are the two factors that must be present in order for a child to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder? | Symptoms must be present in early childhood and must limit or impair daily functioning |
| At what age must a person with intellectual disability be diagnosed? | Before age 22 |
| What rating scale is used to determine a person's progress over time following a Traumatic Brain Injury? | Ranchos Los Amigos Scale of Cognitive Functioinong |
Created by:
Cunningham101
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