vocab
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| Central Processing Unit (CPU) | The brain of the computer and expensive by computer hardware
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| HARDWARE | Central Processing Unit CPU which is the main memory and ram which is the random access memory & secondary storage.
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| Main Memory | Connected directly to CPU. The programs must be loaded into main memory before they can be executed.
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| Memory Cells | Main memory is ordered in a sequence of these cells.
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| SOFTWARE | Software is a collective term for programs; the instructions computers perform to implement applications.
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| Address | Each cell has a unique location in main memory which is called the address of the cell.
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| Secondary Stage | The device that stores information permanently.
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| Input Devices | The device that feeds data and programs into computers.
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| Output Devices | The devices that the computer uses to display results.
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| System Programs | Control the computer. It loads first when when your on your pc is call the operating system
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| Operating System | Monitors the overall activity of the computer and initializes services. Services like Memory Managementm, input/output activities and storage management.
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| Application Programs | Perform a specific task , like word processors , spreadsheets, and games are examples of an application program.
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| Analog Signal | Are continuous wave forms used to represent such things as sound. I.E. Audio tapes
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| Digital Signals | Represent information with a sequence of 0’s and 1’s. As 0 reps a low voltage and 1 reps a high voltage.
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| Machine Language | Digital signals are processed inside a computer, The language of the computer that is processed in 0’s and 1’s.
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| Binary digit or bit | Digit with 0 or 1 which is a binary code/number.
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| Byte | Sequence of eight bits, 2^10 bytes = 1024 bytes which is kilobyte(KB).
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| American standard code for information interchange(ASCII) | The most commonly used encoding scheme on personal computers Is the seven bit. It sets of 128 characters from 0 to 127.
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| Assembler | A program that translates the assembly language instructions into machine language.
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| High Level Languages | That were closer to natural languages, such as English , French, german and Spanish.
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| Source code / program | Must be saved in a text file saved as .cpp. A source program is written in a high level language.
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| Preprocessor | As an example, #include as statements that begin with #. These programs are processed in the program called preprocessor.
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| Object Program | The compiler checks the program for errors the equivalent machine language is an object program.
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| Library | Prewritten code resides in.
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| Linker | Combines the object program with the programs from libraries.
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| Loader | A program that loads an executable program into main memory.
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| Build or rebuild | The command the combines visual c++ 2008 express , visual c++ 2-1- express and visual studio 2010.
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| Algorithm | A step by step problem solving process in which a solution is arrived at in afinite amount of time.
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| Structured design | Dividing a program into smaller sub problems.
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| Structured programming | The process of implementing a structured design
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| Top down design, bottom up design, stepwise refinement and modular programming | The structured design approach could be used in these techniques.
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| Object oriented design (OOD) | Widely used programming methodology.
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| Object oriented programming(OOP) | A programming language that implements OOD.
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| Computer program | Sequence of statements whose objective is to accomplish a task
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| Programming | Is a process of planning or creating a program
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| Subprogram/function | collection of statements and when activated or executed it accomplishes something.
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| Keywords | Reserved words are also called keywords. The letters that make up a reserved word are always lowercase. Like the special symbols, each is considered to be a single symbol.
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| Identifier | Identifiers are names of things that appear in programs, such as variables, constants, and functions. All identifiers must obey C++’s rules for identifiers.
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| Simple Data Types | 1. Integral, which is a data type that deals with integers, or numbers
without a decimal part
2. Floating-point, which is a data type that deals with decimal numbers
3. Enumeration, which is a user-defined data type
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| Int Type | Integers in C++, as in mathematics, are numbers such as the following:
-988, -93, 0, 68, 364932, +7643
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| Bool Type | The data type bool has only two values: true and false. Also, true and false are called the logical (Boolean) values. The central purpose of this data type is to manipulate logical
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| Char DATA TYPE | The data type char is the smallest integral data type. It is mainly used to represent characters—that is, letters, digits, and special symbols. 1 byte
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| float | The data type float is used in C++ to represent any real number between
-3.4E+38 and 3.4E+38. The memory allocated for a value of the float data type is four bytes.
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| double | The data type double is used in C++ to represent any real number between
-1.7E+308 and 1.7E+308. The memory allocated for a value of the double data type is eight bytes.
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| string Type | A string is a sequence of zero or more characters. Strings in C++ are enclosed in double quotation marks. A string containing no characters is called a null or empty string. 0 to 1 and so on.
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| Named constant | A memory location whose content is not allowed to change during program execution.
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| Preprocessor Directives | Only a small number of operations, such as arithmetic and assignment operations, are explicitly defined in C++ C++ program are provided as a collection of libraries. with header.
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| Documentation | The programs that should be clear not only to you, but also to anyone else. Therefore, you must properly document your programs.
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| Semantics | The set of rules that gives meaning to a language is called semantics. For example, the order-of-precedence rules for arithmetic operators are semantic rules. If a program contains syntax errors.
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| Statement terminator | All C++ statements must end with a semicolon. The semicolon is also called a statement terminator.
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