Important Vocabulary
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| Mercantilism | is an economic theory that a country’s strength is measured by the amount of gold it has, that a country should sell more than it buys and that the colonies exist for the benefit of the Mother Country.
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| Abolitionist | a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States.
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| Tariff | a tax on goods brought into a country.
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| Protective Tariff | a tax placed on goods from another country to protect the home industry.
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| Sectionalism | a strong sense of loyalty to a state or section instead of to the whole country.
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| Manifest Destiny | the belief that the United States should own all of the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
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| Temperance Movement | a campaign against the sale or drinking of alcohol.
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| Representative Government | a system of government in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them.
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| Republic | a nation in which voters choose representatives to govern them.
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| House of Burgesses | the first representative assembly in the new world.
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| Three Branches of Government | the Legislative Branch, the Judicial Branch, and the Executive branch.
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| Checks and Balances | a system set up by the Constitution in which each branch of the federal government has the power to check, or control, the actions of the other branches.
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| Free Enterprise | the freedom of private businesses to operate competitively for profit with minimal government regulation.
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| Federalism | the sharing of power between the states and the national government.
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| Separation of Powers | a system in which each branch of government has it’s own powers.
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| Popular Sovereignty | the practice of allowing each territory to decide for itself whether or not to allow slavery.
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| Amend | means to change.
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| Unalienable rights | rights that cannot be given up, taken away or transferred. Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, are some of those rights.
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| Tyranny | a cruel and unjust government.
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| Democracy | a form of government that is run for and by the people, giving people the supreme power.
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| Ratify | to approve by vote.
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| Judicial Review | the right of the Supreme Court to judge laws passed by Congress and determine whether they are constitutional or not.
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| Civil Disobedience | the refusal to obey a government law or laws as a means of passive resistance because of one’s moral conviction or belief.
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| Federalists | supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong national government.
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| Antifederalists | people opposed to the Constitution, preferring more power be given to the state governments than to the national government.
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| Nullification | the idea of a state declaring a federal law illegal.
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| Primary Sources | the original records of an event. They include eyewitness reports, records created at the time of an event, speeches, and letters by people involved in the event, photographs and artifacts.
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| Secondary Sources | the later writings and interpretations of historians and writers. Often secondary sources, like textbooks and articles, provide summaries of information found in primary sources.
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| Republicanism | an attitude toward society in the late 1700s based on the belief that the good virtue and morality of the people was essential to sustain the republican form of government.
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| Industrial Revolution | the era in which a change from household industries to factory production using powered machinery took place.
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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