From A Beka Academy
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| Middle Ages | the period after the collapse of the Roman Empire; characterized by a distortion of Christianity
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| A.D. 500 to 1500 | The time period known as
the Middle Ages
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| Paul | the apostle who had not been one of the original disciples,and to whom Christ made a special appearance
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| apostles | the twelve men who had firsthand knowledge of Jesus and whom God sent out to preach the gospel
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| Old Testament | the portion of Scripture which foretold Christ's coming and which Jesus used with reverence
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| New Testament | the portion of Scripture which records Christ's first coming, life, ministry, death, and resurrection; written by apostles or men close to the apostles under divine inspiration; consists of the permanent record of the gospel and admonitions to the church
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| A.D. 100 | the approximate year the
New Testament was completed
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| koine | the most common form of the Greek language; used for writing the New Testament
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| church | an assembly or body of people
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| Gentiles | non-Jews
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| Judaism | the religion of the Jews
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| Jerusalem | the city in which church leaders met to
discuss the problem of Gentile believers
and Jewish law;
location of the first Christian church
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| Church leaders came to an agreement that Gentile believers did not have to practice all the Jewish laws of the Old Testament. | What was the decision of the church leaders in Jerusalem concerning Jewish law and Gentile believers?
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| deacon | name for a church leader which comes from the Greek word for "servant"
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| bishop | name for a church leader which comes from the Greek term meaning "overseer" or "superintendent"
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| elder | name for a church leader which comes from the Greek word which is also the source for the word priest
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| Christ | the true Head of the Church, according to the Bible
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| apostolic authority | the term which refers to the special leaders, authorized to speak and act in Jesus' name, appointed by Christ Himself
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| Diotrephes | the church leader who loved to "have preeminence" and who put himself above God's Word
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| catholic | the term which means "universal" or "one"; can be used to describe the great "invisible" church of all believers
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| Church of Rome | the first single, visible, large, organized church for all Christians; soon led to dominance of one local church over the other and distortion of Christianity
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| Irenaeus | the church leader in Gaul who said that every church must agree with the Church of Rome
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| apostolic succession | the idea which maintains that men like Peter and Paul handed down their power and authority from one generation of bishops to the next
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| Petrine theory | the belief that Christ made Peter the head of the Catholic church and that Peter passed this power to the first bishop of Rome, whom he appointed
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| Roman Catholic Church | the church founded on the belief that the bishop of the Church of Rome is supreme over all churches
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| pope | the bishop of the Church of Rome
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| Marsilius of Purda | the man who would not blindly accept the teachings of the Roman church, but instead knew that all beliefs must be measured against the absolute truth of God's Word
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| Defender of the Peace | the famous work of Marsilius in which he rejected unscriptural Roman doctrines with Biblical reasoning and logic
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| 1) Arius 2) Arianism | 1) a church leader in Egypt
2) the belief that Jesus was not God, but rather had been created by God the Father
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| Counsel of Nicaea | the counsel, presided at by Constantine, that affirmed Christ's divinity in A.D. 325
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| Nicene Creed | a statement of belief affirming Christ's divinity
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| Leo I "the Great" | the pope who went out to meet Attila the Hun from Asia to persuade the invaders not to attack Rome
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| Gelasius | the pope who said that, in matters relating to God, leaders of the church are supreme over all human rulers
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| mass | a Roman Catholic service
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| sacrament | term for "a sacred act"
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| Eucharist | term for the Lord's Supper, from the Greek words for thanks, favor, and grace
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| excommunication | being cut off from communication with the human rulers of the church and, therefore, being denied the sacraments; seemed to mean nothing less than loss of salvation
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| Christendom | the portion of the world in which Christianity prevails
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Mariah14
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