Events and Consequences
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| Lincoln - Douglas debates | Series of 7 debates. Douglas won the senate, but the debates gave Lincoln fame and helped him win presidency
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| Causes of the War of 1812 | British furnished arms to Native Americans and encouraged them to attack settlers in the Northwest Territory. 2. British "impressment" (forcing US sailor into service)
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| Election of 1800 | Marked by wild accusations on both sides. Jefferson beat Adams by eight electoral votes. Since his running mate Burr got same number votes, decision by house of representatives
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| Texan Independence | Mexico wanted Texas settled. Encouraged Americans to settle (inexpensive land). Now more Anglo than Tejanos, moved towards the union. Famous leader Austin
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| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | (1848) ended the Mexican-American War. The "Mexican Cession" transferring California, Nevada, Utah, and parts of four other states to the U.S. It also made the Rio Grande the boundary between Texas and Mexico
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| Trail of Tears | Indian Removal Act 1830 forces Native Americans off their lands. Soldiers forced Cherokee to the west
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| Characteristics of the southern economy | 1. Cotton gin makes agriculture more profitable. 2. Increases demand for labor and slaves
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| Characteristics of the northern economy | 1. Industrial Revolution begins in Britain and spreads to US. 2. Textile Mills in New England. 3. Market Economy
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| Consequences of the War of 1812 | 1. American industries grow. 2. Status of US as free and independent nation confirmed. 3. Federalists die out since they opposed the war
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| North Strengths | manpower, resources (factories & food), railroads, Lincoln as a device leader
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| South Strengths | cotton for $, top generals & military tradition, “homeland”
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| Effect of the war on the South | had relied on slaves labor for their economy, end of war economy crashed. No longer slavery and the Union soldiers had burned cotton grins and many other important things that contributed to the South's' economy.
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| Effect of war on North | The North's economy had helped during and after war. Railroad boom as railroads were built with federal government support. Led to westward expansion and much better transportation in the North's economy
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| Assassination of President Lincoln | Shortly after reelection and end of war, Lincoln was shot and killed by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theater
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| Johnson’s impeachment | Radical Republicans felt Johnson blocking reconstruction, wanted to impeach Johnson tried to remove Stanton from cabinet, oppos claimed he violated Constitution (Tenure of Office Act). Impeached by house, missed impeachment in the Senate by one vote
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| Opposition to Reconstruction | Radical Republicans felt Lincoln’s plan was too lenient on the south (pardons). Johnson’s plan excluded wealthy land owners but also did not give rights to African Americans.
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| Opposition to Reconstruction too | Ku Klux Klan formed to destroy republicans, throw out re-constructionists, re-establish land owner rights and prevent African Americans from voting.
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| Sherman’s March | from Atlanta to South Carolina, he and his army applied a total warfare, scorched earth policy that led over a million dollars in damage and crushed the south
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