bb guy section 1 notes from start through ABO
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| Low Ionic Strength Saline (LISS) enhances these antibodies | cold antibodies and autoantibodies
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| Polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhances these antibodies | warm antibodies and autoantibodies
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| Immediate spin (IS) phase antibodies are usually this isotype | IgM
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| This test detects RBCs coated with IgG +/– complement in vivo | DAT (Direct Coombs)
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| Explain the term "dosage" in regards to RBC antigens | Some antibodies react more strongly with RBCs that have double-dose (“homozygous”) antigen expression
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| enzymes like papain and ficin decrease the reactions associated with these RBC antigens | MNS System
Duffy System
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| enzymes like papain and ficin increase the reactions associated with these RBC antigens | UCLA Pneumonic: Lewis P Is A Rhotten Kidd"
ABO-related: ABO, H Systems, Lewis System, I System, P System
Rh System
Kidd System
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| The effect of enzymes on the Kell blood group antigens when performing antibody identification | None
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| substance used to neutralize ABO antibodies | ABO: Saliva (secretor)
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| substance used to neutralize Lewis antibodies | Saliva (secretor for Leb)
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| substance used to neutralize P1 antibodies | Hydatid cyst fluid
Pigeon/dove egg white
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| substance used to neutralize Sda antibodies | Human urine
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| substance used to neutralize Chido antibodies | Serum (complement)
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| substance used to neutralize Rodgers antibodies | Serum (complement)
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| Specificity of the lectin Dolichos biflorus | A1
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| Specificity of the lectin Ulex europaeus | H (absent in Bombay phenotype)
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| Specificity of the lectin Vicia graminea | N
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| Specificity of the lectin Arachis hypogea | T
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| Specificity of the lectin Glycine max | T, Tn
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| Specificity of the lectin Salvia | Tn
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| Most significant antibodies are this isotype and react best at this temperature | IgG and "warm reactive"
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| Most insignificant antibodies are this isotype and react best at this temperature | IgM and “cold reactive
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| Se (“secretor”) gene codes for this enzyme | FUT2; “fucosyluridyl transferase”
FUT enzyme adds fucose to type 1 chains at terminal galactose; product is type 1 H antigen
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| This gene is required to make A or B antigens in secretions | Se gene
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| Frequency of Se gene | 80%
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| this antigen is required before A and/or B can be made on RBCs | H
type 2 H on RBCs or in secretions, type 1 H
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| This sugar is added to a type 2 H antigen chain to make Group A RBCs | N-acetylgalactosamine
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| This sugar is added to a type 2 H antigen chain to make Group B RBCs | Galactose
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| ABO antigens begin to appear on fetal RBCs at ___ weeks gestation | 6
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| ABO antigens are also present on these tissues | platelets, endothelium, kidney, heart, lung, bowel, pancreas tissue
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| Isotype of antibodies to ABO antigens in group O people | IgG
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| Most common ABO group in USA | O>A>B>AB
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| Why is HDFN not severe in type O mom with type A baby? | Weak fetal ABH expression, soluble ABH antigens (neutralize antibodies)
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| amount of A antigen present on A1 RBCs compared to A2 RBCs | 5x
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| The cause of acquired B phenotype | Bacterial enzymes (deacetylase) deacetylate group A GalNAc; remaining galactosamine looks like B
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| Conditions associated with acquired B phenotype | Colon cancer, intestinal obstruction, gram-negative sepsis
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| Naturally occurring antibodies in the Bombay phenotype | anti-A, anti-B, anti-AB, anti-H
Total lack of H, A and B antigens due to lack of H and Se genes (genotype: hh, sese)
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| Para-Bombay phenotype differs from Bombay phenotype because of this | have at least one Se gene
RBCs may be Bombay-like, but may also show free or RBC A or B antigens (unless group O)
Antibody profile is same as Bombay
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