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Histology ASCP Special Stains

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Question
Answer
Substances attracting basic dyes   show
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show Acidophillic  
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show Chromophore  
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A benzene derivative containing chromophoric groups   show
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Ionizing group required to enable the dye to link firmly to tissue   show
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show Cationic dyes  
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show Anionic dyes  
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Progressive staining   show
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show Mordant  
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show The tissue is overstained and then differentiated, or decolorized, until only the desired element is left stained.  
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show Weak acid solutions  
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Acidic, or anionic dyes, are differentiated by:   show
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Reagents: Hematoxylin, Ethanol, Ammonium Alumnium Sulfate, Distilled Water, Mercuric Oxide   show
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show Harris Hematoxylin, Mayer Hematoxylin, Ehrlich Hematoxylin, Gill Hematoxylin  
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show Delafield Hematoxylin  
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Mordant: Aluminum Ripner: Light and air   show
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Reagents: Hematoxylin, Distilled Water, Sodium Iodate, Ammonium or potassium Aluminum Sulfate, citric Acid, chloral Hydrate   show
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show Ehrlich Hematoxylin  
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show Gill Hematoxylin  
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Mucin, especially goblet cells, will be stained by which hematoxylin   show
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show Weigert Hematoxylin  
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Mordant and oxidizer: Ferric Chloride   show
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show Celestine Blue  
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show Scott Solution  
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Fixatives that cause loss of basophilia   show
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Demonstration of DNA   show
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Any fixative but Bouin   show
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show Feulgen Reaction  
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DNA: Reddish Purple Cytoplasm (if counterstained): Light Green   show
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Differentiation between DNA and RNA   show
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10% NFB preferred. B5, Helly or Zenker satisfactory.   show
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Reagents: Acetic Acid, Sodium Acetate, Methyl Green Staining Solution, Methyl Green-Pyronin Y Staining Solution   show
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show Methyl Green-Pyronin Y  
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Process in which a dye forms other dyes spontaneously   show
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show May-Grunwald Giemsa  
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show May-Grunwald Giemsa  
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show May-Grunwald Giemsa  
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show May-Grunwald Giemsa  
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Jenner Solution, Giemsa Solution, Acetic Water   show
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Nuceli: Blue Cytoplasm of leukocytes: Pink, gray or blue Bacteria: Blue   show
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Demonstration of polysaccharides, neutral mucosubstances and basement membranes   show
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show PAS, Alcian Blue pH 2.5, Alcian Blue pH 1.0  
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Control: Kidney   show
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Reagents: Periodic Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium Metabisulfite, Schiffs   show
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show PAS  
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show PAS D, Best Carmine  
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10% NBF, formalin alcohol or absolute alcohol   show
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Control: Liver   show
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show PAS D  
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show PAS D  
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Absolute Alcohol preferred. Carnoy and Bouin satisfactory.   show
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show Best Carmine  
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show Best Carmine  
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Demonstration of epithelial mucin   show
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show Mayer Mucicarmine, Alcian Blue pH 2.5, Alcian Blue pH 1.0, Muller-Mowry Colloidal Iron  
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show Mayer Mucicarmine  
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Mucin: Deep rose to red Capsule of cryptococcus: Deep rose to red Nuclei: Black Other: Blue or yellow   show
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Demonstration of acid mucopolysaccharides   show
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show Alcian Blue pH 2.5  
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Sulfated Mucosubstances: Dark Blue Hyaluronic Acid: Dark Blue Sialomucins: Dark Blue Background: Pink to red Nuclei: Red   show
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Demonstration of sulfated mucosubstances   show
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show Alcian Blue pH 1.0  
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show Alcian Blue pH 1.0  
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Differentiation of epithelial and connective tissue mucins   show
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show Alcian Blue with Hyaluronidase  
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show Alcian Blue with Hyaluronidase  
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Without digestion: acid mucopolysaccharides and sialomucins: Deep Blue With digestion: mucosubstances containing hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfates: Marked loss of staining   show
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Differentiation between neutral and acidic mucosubstances   show
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10% NBF or Zenker   show
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Reagents; Acetic Acid, Alcian Blue,Periodic Acid, Sodium Metabisulfite   show
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show Alcian Blue-PAS-Hematoxylin  
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Demonstration of carboxylated and sulfated mucopolysaccharides and glycoproteins   show
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Chemical reaction to demonstrate iron bound to tissue   show
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10% NBF, Carnoy Solution or alcoholic formalin   show
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Avoid chromate fixatives   show
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Reagents: Ferric chloride, Muller Colloidal Iron, Potassium Ferrocyanide, Hydrochloric Acid, Acetic Acid, Nuclear Fast Red   show
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show Muller-Mowry Colloidal Iron  
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show Mayer Mucicarmine, Muller-Mowry Colloidal Iron, Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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Demonstration of Amyloid   show
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Alcohol or Carnoy is preferred. 10% NBF, Bouin or Zenker satisfactory.   show
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Control: Sections containing amyloid   show
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Reagents; 80% Alcohol saturated with Sodium Chloride, Alkaline salt solution, Congo Red   show
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Amyloid: Deep pink to red Elastic tissue: Pale Pink Nuclei: Blue   show
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Birefringent bright apple green   show
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show Crystal Violet, Prussian Blue Stain, Turnbull Blue, Von Kossa  
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Amyloid: Purplish Violet Other: Blue   show
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Reagents: Thioflavine T, Acetic Acid, Mayer Hematoxylin   show
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show Thioflavine T  
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show Masson Trichrome, Gomori 1-Step Trichrome  
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show Masson Trichrome  
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Internal Control   show
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show Masson Trichrome  
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Nuclei: Black Cytoplasm, keratin, muscle fibers; Red Collagen and Mucin: Blue   show
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Any well fixed tissue.   show
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Bouin used as a mordant to intensify color reactions.   show
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show Gomori 1-Step Trichrome  
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show Gomori 1-Step Trichrome  
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Considered primary connective tissue stain, rarely used, except as counterstain.   show
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show Van Gieson Picric Acid-Acid Fuchsin  
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show Van Gieson Picric Acid-Acid Fuchsin  
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show Van Gieson Picric Acid-Acid Fuchsin  
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show Verhoeff, Gomori Aldehyde Fuchsin, Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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Reagents: Lugol Iodine, Ferric Chloride, Alcoholic Hematoxylin, Verhoeff, van Gieson, Sodium Thiosulfate   show
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show Verhoeff  
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Control: Aorta or muscular artery   show
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Elastic Fibers = Deep blue to purple Other = Green   show
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Reagents: Aldehyde Fuchsin, Light Green   show
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show Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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show Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain, Mallory PTAH  
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show Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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show Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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Control: Lung, skin or colon   show
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Reagents: Alcian Blue, Alkaline Alcohol, Iodine-Iodide, Absolute Alcoholic Hematoxylin, Ferric Chloride, Sodium Thiosulfate, Crocein Scarlet-Acid Fuchsin, Phosphotungstic Acid, Alcoholic Safran   show
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Nuclei = black Elastic fibers = black Ground substance and mucin = Blue Collagen = Yellow Fibrinoid, fibrin = Intense Red Muscle = Red   show
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show Russell Modification of the Movat Pentachrome Stain  
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Metallic impregnation step   show
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Reduction step in silver impregnation   show
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When bound metallic silver is treated with gold chloride and the color of the impregnated component is changed from brown to black   show
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Most frequently used oxidizers   show
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Demonstration of reticular fibers   show
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show Gomori Stain, Gordon and Sweets  
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Ferric ammonium sulfate is sensitizer   show
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Reducer in all reticular fiber silver methods   show
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Reagents: Silver Nitrate, Potassium Hydroxide, Ammoniacal Silver, Potassium Permanganate, Potassium Metabisulfite, Ferric Ammonium Sulfate, Formalin, Gold Chloride, Sodium Thiosulfate, Nuclear Fast Red   show
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show Gomori Stain  
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Demonstration of muscle cross-striations   show
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Demonstration of glial fibers   show
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Demonstration of myelin   show
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Zenker is preferred. 10% NBF is satisfactory.   show
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Control: skeletal or cardiac muscle   show
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show Mallory PTAH  
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show Mallory PTAH  
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Cross striations, fibrin = Blue Nuclei = Blue Collagen = Red-brown   show
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Demonstration of basement membranes   show
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Avoid mercuric fixatives   show
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show Periodic Acid-Methenamine Silver  
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show Periodic Acid-Methenamine Silver  
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Demonstration of Lipids   show
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show Oil Red O, Sudan Black B  
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show Oil Red O, Sudan Black B, Cajal Stain  
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show Oil Red O  
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Fat = Red Other - Dependent on method   show
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Avoid alcoholic fixatives   show
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show Sudan Black B  
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show Sudan Black B  
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Reagents: Osmium Tetroxide, Periodic Acid   show
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show Osmium Tetroxide  
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Demonstration of mast cells   show
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When tissue stains a different color from the dye solution and the rest of the tissue   show
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show Metachromasia  
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Control: Section containing mast cells   show
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show Toluidine Blue  
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Mast cells = Deep rose-violet Background = Blue   show
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Mast cells = orange-red   show
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show Cresyl Echt Violet  
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Loss of Nissl substance   show
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Control: Spinal cord   show
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Reagents: Cresyl Echt Violet, Balsam-Xyelene   show
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Nissl Substance = Blue to purple Nuclei = Blue to purple Background = colorless   show
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show Bodian Method, Holmes Silver Nitrate Method, Bielschowsky-PAS, Churukian Bielschowsky, Sevier-Munger, Thioflavin S  
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show Wallerian degeneration  
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show Bodian Method  
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Reagents: Protargol, Reducing Solution (Hydroquinone, Formaldehyde), Gold Chloride, Oxalic Acid, Sodium Thiosulfate, Aqua Regia (Hydrochloric acid and Nitric Acid), Aniline Blue   show
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Nerve Fibers = Black Nuclei = Black Background = Light gray or blue   show
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Control: Cerebral cortex   show
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show Holmes Silver Nitrate Method  
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show Holmes Silver Nitrate Method  
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Demonstration of senile plaques   show
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show Bielschowsky-PAS, Churukian Bielschowsky, Sevier-Munger, Thioflavin S  
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show Bielschowsky-PAS  
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show Bielschowsky-PAS  
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Reagents: Silver Nitrate, Nitric Acid, Developer (Formaldehyde, Citric Acid, Nitric Acid), Ammonium Hydroxide, Sodium Thiosulfate   show
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Axons = Brown to black Cytoplasmic neurofibrils = Brown to Black Neurofibrillary tangles and plaques = Dark brown or black Neuromelanin = Black Lipofuchsin = Brown or black Background = Yellow   show
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show Sevier-Munger  
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show Sevier-Munger  
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show Thioflavin S  
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show Thioflavin S  
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show Congo Red, Thioflavin T, Thioflavin S, Auramine-Rhodamine, Alizarin Red S  
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Glial Fibers = Blue Nuclei = Blue Neurons = Salmon Myelin = Blue   show
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show Holzer Method  
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Glial Fibers = Blue Background = Very pale blue to colorless   show
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show Cajal Stain  
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show Cajal Stain  
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show Cajal Stain  
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show Weil Method, Luxol Fast Blue, Luxol Fast Blue-PAS-Hematoxylin  
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Control = Medulla   show
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show Weil Method  
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show Weil Method  
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show Luxol Fast Blue  
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show Luxol Fast Blue  
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show Luxol Fast Blue-Cresyl Echt Violet Stain  
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show Luxol Fast Blue-Holmes Silver Nitrate Method  
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Demonstration of fungi   show
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show Luxol Fast Blue-PAS-Hematoxylin  
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Reagents: Luxol Fast Blue, Lithium Carbonate, Schiffs, Periodic Acid, Harris Hematoxylin   show
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show Luxol Fast Blue-PAS-Hematoxylin  
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Demonstration of acid-fast mycobacteria   show
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show Kinyoun, Ziehl-Neelsen Method, Fite  
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Control: Tissue containing acid-fast organisms   show
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Reagents: Kinyoun Carbol-Fuchsin, Acid Alcohol, Methylene Blue   show
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Acid fast bacteria = Bright Red Background = Light Blue   show
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Use Millipore-filtered water in water bath   show
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show Ziehl-Neelsen Method  
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show Churukian Ziehl-Neelsen Method  
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Demonstration of Mycobacterium leprae   show
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show Fite  
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show Fite  
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show Fite  
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show Auramine-Rhodamine  
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Reagents: Auramine O-Rhodamine B solution, Acid Alcohol, Eriochrome Black T   show
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show Auramine-Rhodamine  
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Demonstration of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria   show
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show Gram  
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Reagents: Crystal Violet, Gram Iodine, Basic Fuchsin, Gallego Solution, Picric Acid-Acetone   show
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Gram positive = Blue Gram negative = Red Nuclei = Light Red Background = Yellow   show
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show Diff-Quik Giemsa, Alcian Yellow-Toluidine Blue Method, Warthin-Starry, Steiner and Steiner  
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show Diff-Quik Giemsa, Alcian Yellow-Toluidine Blue Method, Warthin-Starry, Steiner and Steiner  
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show Diff-Quik Giemsa  
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H Pylori = Dark Blue Other bacteria = Blue Nuclei = Dark Blue Cytoplasm = Pink   show
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show Alcian Yellow-Toluidine Blue Method  
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H Pylori = Blue Mucin = Yellow Background = Pale Blue   show
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10% NBF, Bouin or Zenker.   show
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show Hotchkiss-McManus PAS (PAS F), Chromic Acid-Schiff (CAS), Gridley, Grocott-Methenamine Silver Nitrate (GMS)  
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Reagents: Periodic Acid, Schiffs, Hydrochloric Acid, Sodium Metabisulfite, Sulfurous Acid Rinse, Fast Green   show
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Fungi = Rose Background = Green   show
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show Chromic Acid-Schiff (CAS)  
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show Chromic Acid-Schiff (CAS)  
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Reagents: Chromic Acid, Schiffs, Aldehyde Fucchsin, Metanil Yellow   show
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show Gridley  
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show Grocott-Methenamine Silver Nitrate (GMS)  
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Reagents: Chromic Acid, Silver Nitrate, Methenamine, Borax, sodium Bisulfite, Gold Chloride, Sodium Thiosfulfate, Light Green   show
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Fungi = Black Mucin = Taupe to dark gray Background = Green   show
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Demonstration of spirochetes   show
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Control: Tissue containing spirochetes   show
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show Warthin-Starry  
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Spirochetes = Black Other bacteria = Black Background = Pale yellow to light brown   show
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show Dieterle Method, Steiner and Steiner  
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Reagents: Alcoholic Uranyl Nitrate, Alcoholic Gum Mastic, Silver Nitrate, Developer (Hydroquinone, Sodium Sulfite, Acetone, Formaldehyde, Pyridine), Formic Acid   show
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show Dieterle Method  
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show Dieterle Method, Steiner and Steiner  
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Reagents: Uranyl Nitrate, Silver Nitrate, Reducing Solution (Gum Mastic, Hydroquinone, Absolute Alcohol)   show
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Spirochetes = Dark brown to black H Pylori - Dark Brown to black Legionella = Dark Brown to Black Other nonfilamentous bacteria = Dark Brown to Black Background = Light Yellow   show
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show Artifact pigment  
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List exogenous pigments   show
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List endogenous pigments that are hematogenous   show
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show Lipofuscin and ceroid  
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List endogenous pigments that are nonhematogenous and nonlipidic   show
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show Argyrophil  
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show Argentaffin  
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Demonstration of ferric iron   show
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Control: Tissue containing ferric iron   show
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Reagents: Potassium Ferrocyanide, Hydrochloric Acid Solution, Nuclear Fast Red   show
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show Prussian Blue Stain  
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show Turnbull Blue  
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Control: Tissue containing ferrous iron   show
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Reagents: Hydrochloric Acid, Potassium Ferricynaide, Acetic Acid, Nuclear Fast Red   show
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Ferrous Iron = Blue Background = Pink-red   show
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Demonstration of melanin   show
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Control: Tissue containing melanin or argentaffin granules   show
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show Schmorl Technique  
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show Schmorl Technique  
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Demonstration of formalin pigment   show
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show Schmorl Technique, Fontana-Masson  
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show Fontana-Masson  
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Reagents: Silver Nitrate, Fontana Silver, Gold Chloride, Sodium Thiosulfate, Nuclear Fast Red   show
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Melanin = Black Argentaffin granules = Black Nuclei = Pink   show
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show Grimelius, Churukian-Schenk  
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show Grimelius, Churukian-Schenk  
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Reagents: Silver Nitrate, Acetic Acid, Sodium Acetate, Acetic Acid-Sodium Acetate Buffer, Reducing Solution (Hydroquinone, Sodium Sulfite), Nuclear Fast Red   show
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Argentaffin Granules = Dark brown to black Argyrophil Granules = Dark brown to black Nuclei = Red Background = Pale yellow-brown   show
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Reagents: Citric Acid, Acidified Water, Silver Nitrate, Reducing Solution (Sodium Sulfite, Hydroquinone), Nuclear Fast Red   show
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Argyrophil granules = Black Argentaffin granules = Black Nuclei = Red Background = Yellow-Brown   show
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show Gomori Methenamine-Silver  
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show Gomori Methenamine-Silver  
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Control: Tissue containing urates   show
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Reagents: Silver Nitrate, Methenamine Solution, Sodium Borate, Sodium Thiosulfate, Light Green   show
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show Gomori Methenamine-Silver  
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Demonstration of bilirubin   show
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Control: Tissue containing bile   show
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Reagents: Ferric Chloride, Fouchet Reagent, van Gieson   show
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Bile or bilirubin = Emerald green to olive drab Background = Yellow   show
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show Von Kossa, Alizarin Red S  
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show Von Kossa, Alizarin Red S  
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show Von Kossa  
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show Von Kossa  
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show Alizarin Red S  
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show Alizarin Red S  
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show Alizarin Red S  
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show Rhodanine  
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show Rhodanine  
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Reagents: Rhodanine Solution, Mayer Hematoxylin, Sodium Borate   show
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Copper = Bright red to red yellow Nuclei = Light Blue   show
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