Instrument Identification and Surgical supplies
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| locking mechanism that tightens or locks the tip of the instrument | ratchet
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| groves in the jaws of an instrument that improve gripping power | serrations
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| used to puncture tissue | teeth
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| instruments used for cutting and dissecting | curettes, scalpels, scissors
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| instruments used for grasping and clamping | forceps, hemostats, needle holders, towel clamps
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| instruments to improve visualization | dilators, probes, retractors, scopes, specula
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| used to stop bleeding | hemostat
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| used to grasp and hold tissue | forceps
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| used to scrape or remove tissue from body cavities | curettes
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| used to make incisions | scalpel
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| used to make the opening of a constricted structure larger | dilator
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| used to pull aside tissue to improve visualization | retractor
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| used to hold sterile towels in place | towel clamps
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| most common solutions used in a procedure | sterile saline and sterile iodine
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| type of surgical drape with a hole in the middle used to expose the surgical area | fenestrated drape
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| reversible loss of consciousness used during major surgery | general anesthesia
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| administered by injection at the site of procedure numbing the point of injection and surrounding tissue | local anesthesia
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| used when a large area of tissue needs to be numb ie:epidural | regional anesthesia
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| numbing agent applied directly to the area of skin that needs to be numb | topical anesthetic
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| most common local anesthetics | lidocaine or xylocaine
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| type of cutting instrument that uses electricity and controls bleeding | cautery or electrocautery
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| holds the edges of a wound together to promote faster healing and reduce scarring | suture
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| type of suture material used internally or in difficult to reach areas, does not need to be removed | absorbable
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| most common suture material used, designed for external structures | nonabsorbable
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| suture sizes range from | 1.0-6.0
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| smallest suture available is | 6.0
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| applied to a wound with a stapler | skin staples
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| type of closure indicated for shallow wounds, also helps reinforce sutures | sterile skin closure, steri strips
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| used in place of sutures and staples especially in pediatrics | surgical skin adhesive
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| closing of a wound | laceration repair
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| procedure to remove unwanted tissue like a wart using liquid nitrogen | cryosurgery
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| removal of buildup of sebum which can be complicated by infection | sebaceous cyst removal
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| done on an abscess or localized infection | incision and drainage, I
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| solution that disinfects the skin | isopropyl alcohol
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| common skin prep used during surgery | iodine
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| used to flush and clean open wounds | sterile saline
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| type of soap given to patients to use pre operatively | hibiclens
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| solution that helps enhance adhesive material | tincture of benzoin
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| what part of the instrument will determine the use | the tip
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| used to produce a lack of feeling during a surgical procedure | anesthetic
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| administered by inhalation and used during dental procedures | nitrous oxide
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| suture removal for scalp and trunk | 7-10 days
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| suture removal for face | 3-5 days
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| suture removal for arms and legs | 10-14 days
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| suture removal for joints | 14 days
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| destruction of all microorganisms prior ro a surgical procedure | surgical asepsis
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| destruction of microorganisms after they leave the body | medical asepsis
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| process by which contaminated instruments are washes and scrubbed to remove potentially infectious material | sanitization
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| device that cleans instruments by transmitting sound waves through a cleaning fluid | ultrasonic cleaner
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| this process helps prevent rust, corrosion and keeps box locks moving freely on surgical instruments | lubricating solution
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| instruments should be inspected for the following | discoloration, defects, and maneuverability
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| the use of a chemical agent to destroy pathogenic organisms | disinfection
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| disinfection is performed on | fomites(inanimate objects)
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| instruments or devices that will penetrate or enter sterile tissue and require sterilization | critical items
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| instruments or devices that may come in contact with non intact skin or mucous membranes | semi critical items
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| examples of semi critical items | scopes: laryngoscopes ;cystoscopies ; sigmoidoscopes
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| instruments that only come in contact with intact skin | non critical items
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| examples of non critical items | blood pressure cuffs; stethoscopes; wheelchairs
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| three levels of disinfecting solutions | low; intermediate, high
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| examples of disinfectants | 10% household bleach; isopropyl alcohol; cidex
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| the complete destruction of all microorganisms including endospores | sterilization
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| sterilization achieved by using steam under pressure | autoclaving
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| autoclaves must reach a temperature of | 250-254 degress F
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| prior to autoclaving instruments should have been | sanitized, inspected, and lubricated
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| materials used to wrap instruments for autoclaving | sterilization paper, sterilization cloth wraps; sterilization pouches
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| devices that help determine whether or not a package has been exposed to high heat and steam and can be considered sterile | sterilization indicators
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| sterilized packs should be labeled with | name of item; date of sterilization, initials of preparer
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| general shelf life for double wrapped items or items in pouches | 3 months - year
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