AP Gov Midterm
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | the institutions and processes through which public policies are made for society.
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| show | goods, such as clean air and clean water that everyone must share.
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| politics | show 🗑
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| show | all the activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders or the policies they pursue. the most common, but not the only, means of of political participation in a democracy is voting. other means inclue protest and civil rights.
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| single-issue groups | show 🗑
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| policymaking | show 🗑
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| Linkage institutions | show 🗑
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| show | the list of subjects or problems to which the government officials are paying some serious attention at any given time.
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| show | an issue that arises when people disagree about a problem and a public-policy choice.
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| Policymaking institutions | show 🗑
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| show | A choice that government makes in response to a political issue. A policy is a course of action taken with regard to some problem.
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| show | a system of selecting policymakers and of organizing government so that policy represents and responds to the public's preferences.
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| show | A fundamental principle of traditional democratic theory. In a democracy, choosing among alternatives requires that the majority’s desire be respected. See also minority rights.
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| minority rights | show 🗑
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| representation | show 🗑
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| Pluralist theory | show 🗑
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| elite and class theory | show 🗑
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| show | a theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened. ends up in gridlock.
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| Gross domestic product | show 🗑
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| individualism | show 🗑
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| constitution | show 🗑
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| show | Rights inherent in human beings, not dependent on governments, which include life, liberty, and property.
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| show | According to John Locke, the required basis for government. The Declaration of Independence reflects Locke’s view on how governments derive their authority
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| limited government | show 🗑
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| show | The first constitution of the United States, adopted by Congress in 1777 and enacted in 1781.
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| Shay’s Rebellion | show 🗑
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| factions | show 🗑
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| NJ Plan | show 🗑
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| VA Plan | show 🗑
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| Connecticut Compromise | show 🗑
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| Habeas corpus | show 🗑
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| separation of powers | show 🗑
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| checks and balances | show 🗑
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| Republic | show 🗑
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| Federalists | show 🗑
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| show | Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. They argued that the Constitution was a class-based document, that it would erode fundamental liberties, and that it would weaken the power of the states.
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| Federalist Papers | show 🗑
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| show | The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution
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| show | A constitutional amendment passed by Congress in 1978 and sent to the state legislatures for ratification, stating that “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.” Failed.
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| show | Court established Judicial Review. One of the checks on Congress.
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| show | The power of the courts to determine whether acts of Congress, and by implication the executive, are in accord with the U.S. Constitution.
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| federalism | show 🗑
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| show | A way of organizing a nation so that all power resides in the central government. Most governments today, including those of Great Britain and Japan, are unitary governments.
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| show | The workings of the federal system—the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments.
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| supremacy clause | show 🗑
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| show | Powers Reserved to the States and People
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| show | Elastic Clause of the Constituion - Congree had the power to create a national bank. "Necessary and Proper"
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| show | Powers of the federal government that are specifically addressed in the Constitution; for Congress, these powers are listed in Article I, Section 8, and include the power to coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes.
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| Implied powers | show 🗑
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| elastic clause | show 🗑
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| Gibbons v. Ogden | show 🗑
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| show | A clause in Article IV, Section 1, of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the official documents and civil judgments rendered by the courts of other states.
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| show | A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed.
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| show | A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for some policies.
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| Cooperative federalism | show 🗑
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| show | The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government’s relations with state and local governments.
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| categorical grants | show 🗑
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| show | Federal grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applications. A type of the categorical grants available to states and localities.
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| formula grants | show 🗑
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| block grants | show 🗑
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| Civil liberties | show 🗑
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| Bill of Rights | show 🗑
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| show | Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
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| show | Citizenship and Civil Rights
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| establishment clause | show 🗑
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| show | A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion.
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| libel | show 🗑
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| Symbolic speech | show 🗑
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| probable cause | show 🗑
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| exclusionary rule | show 🗑
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| show | Rights of the Accused; Property Rights
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| show | The situation occurring when an individual accused of a crime is compelled to be a witness against himself or herself in court. The Fifth Amendment forbids self-incrimination.
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| right to privacy | show 🗑
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| show | Extended the 14th amendment to the States. The states are not allowed to violate the rights specified in the 14th amendment and extended the Bill of Rights.
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| Engel v. Vitale | show 🗑
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| Schenck V. United States | show 🗑
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| New York Times v. Sullivan | show 🗑
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| Mapp v. Ohio | show 🗑
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| show | Guarantees due process. Must read one's rights while in custody before questioning. Inform that they have the right to remain silent, that anything they say can and will be used against them, and the right to counsel.
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| Gideon v. Wainwright | show 🗑
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| Gregg v. Georgia | show 🗑
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| Roe v. Wade | show 🗑
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| Incumbents | show 🗑
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| pork barrel | show 🗑
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| bicameral legislature | show 🗑
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| Committee sessions | show 🗑
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| filibuster | show 🗑
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| show | leader of the House of Representatives.
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| show | The principal partisan ally of the Speaker of the House or the party’s wheel horse in the Senate.
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| whips | show 🗑
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| minority leader | show 🗑
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| show | Separate subject-matter committees in each house of Congress that handle bills in different policy areas.
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| show | Congressional committees on a few subject-matter areas with membership drawn from both houses.
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| show | Congressional committees formed when the Senate and the House pass a particular bill in different forms. Party leadership appoints members from each house to iron out the differences and bring back a single bill.
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| show | Congressional committees appointed for a specific purpose, such as the Watergate investigation.
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| legislative oversight | show 🗑
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| show | The most important influencers of the congressional agenda. They play dominant roles in scheduling hearings, hiring staff, appointing subcommittees, and managing committee bills when they are brought before the full house.
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| Seniority system | show 🗑
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| caucus | show 🗑
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| bill | show 🗑
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| show | The political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law, prescribed by the Constitution. The House of Representatives may impeach the president by a majority vote for “Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”
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| show | A group of presidential advisors not mentioned in the Constitution, although every president has had one.
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| legislative veto | show 🗑
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| veto | show 🗑
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| Pocket veto | show 🗑
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| show | A law requiring presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declares war or grants an extension. Presidents view the resolution as unconstitutional.
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| momentum | show 🗑
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| Stewardship theory | show 🗑
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| approval ratings | show 🗑
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| merit principle | show 🗑
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| independent executive agency | show 🗑
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| hierarchical authority | show 🗑
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| show | The jurisdiction of courts that hear a case first, usually in a trial. These are the courts that determine the facts about a case.
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| Appellate jurisdiction | show 🗑
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| district courts | show 🗑
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| show | courts empowered to review all final decisions of district courts, except in rare cases. In addition, they also hear appeals to orders of many federal regulatory agencies.
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| show | The pinnacle of the American judicial system. The Court ensures uniformity in interpreting national laws, resolves conflicts among states, and maintains national supremacy in law. It has both original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction
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| solicitor general | show 🗑
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| Dissenting opinion | show 🗑
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| majority opinion | show 🗑
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| plurality opinion | show 🗑
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| judicial review | show 🗑
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| precedent | show 🗑
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| Writ of certiorari | show 🗑
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| show |
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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