8th History: Causes of the Revolution
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| Proclamation of 1763 | An order in which Britain prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
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| Declaration of Independence | A 1776 document stating that the 13 colonies were a free and independent nation
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| Boston Massacre | A 177- conflict between colonists and British troops in which five colonists were killed.
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| Sugar Act | A law passed by Parliament in 1764 that placed a tax on sugar, molasses, and other products shipped to the colonies; also called for harsh punishment of smugglers
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| Quartering Act | A law passed by Parliament in 1765 that required the colonies to house and supply British soldiers.
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| Intolerable Acts | Series of laws passed in 1774 to punish colonists for the Boston Tea Party
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| First Continental Congress | In 1774, meeting in Philadelphia of delegates from 12 colonies. The colonies unite.
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| Second Continental Congress | A governing body whose delegates agreed, in May 1775, to form the Continental Army and to approve the Declaration of Independence.
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| boycott | To refuse to buy one or more goods form a certain source. An organized refusal by many people.
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| Loyalist | Americans who felt a deep loyalty to Great Britain.
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| Patriot | Americans who believed the colonies had the right to be independent and govern themselves.
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| Sons of Liberty | A group of colonists who formed a secret society to oppose British policies at the time of the American Revolution
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| Committees of Correspondence | A group of people in the colonies who exchanged letters on colonial affairs
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| tax | a fee charged by the government on a product, income, or activity.
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| civil disobedience | Peacefully refusing to obey laws one considers unjust
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| repeal | To take back; an official or legal cancelation
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| tyranny | The unjust use of government power. A ruler who uses power in this way is a tyrant.
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| Treaty of Paris of 1783 | the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of the United States and setting the boundaries of the United States
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| unalienable Rights | Rights that are not contingent upon the laws, customs, or beliefs of any particular culture or government, and therefore universal.
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| Northwest Territory | Territory covered by the Land Ordinance of 1785, which included land that formed the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota
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| Founding Fathers | A person who helped in the creation of the United States of America; member of the Constitutional Convention
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| individual rights | a personal liberty and privilege guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.
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| ally | a country that agrees to help another country achieve a common goal; friend
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| Republicanism | The belief that government should be based on the consent of the people; people exercise their power by voting for political representatives
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| Articles of Confederation | a document, adopted by the Continental Congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in 1781, that outlined the form of government of the new United States.
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| Revolution | a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system
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| militia | a force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community during the American Revolution. (p. 170); an emergency military force that is not part of the regular army.
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| mercenary | a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country
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| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | it described how the Northwest Territory was to be governed and set conditions for settlement and settlers’ rights
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| Privateer | a privately owned ship that has government permission during wartime to attack an enemy's merchant ships
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| Strategy | An overall plan of action
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| American Revolution | War lasting from 1765 and 1783 during which rebel colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy, overthrew the authority of Great Britain, and founded the United States of America.
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