Enzymes
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| Synthesizes the active tetrahydrofolate (THF) form of folic acid. | Dihydrofolate reductase
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| Makes a phosphodiester bond between adjacent nucleotides in DNA | DNA ligase
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| Adds TTAGGG sequences to the ends of chromosomes | Telomerase
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| Synthesizes deoxy form of nucleotides | Ribonucleotide reductase
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| Salvages guanine bases to make GMP | HPRT
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| Catalyzes formation of uric acid | Xanthine oxidase
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| Has a MG++ cofactor that funcitons to enhance nucleophilic attack by the 3'O of the primer strand | DNA polymerase
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| Synthesizes an RNA primer to initiate strand synthesis | Primase
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| Separates the parental strands at the replication fork | Helicase
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| The biochemical function of cAMP is to activate _______________. | Protein kinase A
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| An enzyme that digests DNA at specific base sequences. |
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| Inhibited by malathion | Acetylcholinesterase
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| Catalyzes the first step in glycolysiss that produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation | Phosphoglycerate kinase
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| Has a high Km for glucose and is acive after a meal | Glucokinase
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| Covalently links amino acids to their cognate tRNAs | Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
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| Synthesizes cDNA from mRNA | resverse transcriptase
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| Synthesizes RNA | RNA polymerase
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| The enzyme primarily responsible for metabolizing alcohol | Alcohol dehydrogenase
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| Stimulates the activity of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) | Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
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| Catalyzes the production of NADH in glycolysis | Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
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| Major regulated step of cholesterol biosynthesis | HMGCoA reductase
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| Enzyme in eukaryotes that is responsible for mRNA transcription |
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| Pyruvate carboxylase enzyme requires ___________. | Biotin
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| Catalyzes the first enzymatic step of steroid synthesis | Desmolase
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| Pyruvate dehydrogenase requires this as a cofactor. | thiamin-pyrophosphate
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| Homocysteine methyltransferase requires this as a cofactor | Cobalamin (B12)
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| Recognizes oriC and recruits the replication proteins | E. coli DnaA
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| Seals the nick in the phosphodiester backbone | DNA ligase
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| Introduces negative supercoils in the DNA | DNA gyrase
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| Synthesizes the bulk of human DNA | DNA polymerase delta
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| Functions as a "sliding clamp" to make polymerase processive | PCNA
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| Inhibited by methotrexate | Dihydrofolate reductase
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| Inhibited by ciprofloxacin | DNA gyrase
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| Inhibited by azaserine | Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II
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| Inhibited by allopurinol | Xanthine oxidase
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| Inhibited by fluorouracil | Thymidylate synthase
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| First step in the metabolism of alcohol | Alcohol dehydrogenase
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| Cleaves the signal peptide from the N-terminus of the growing polypeptide | Signal peptidase
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| Breaks and reforms S-S bonds between cystein residues in protein folding | Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)
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| Shifts proline configuratin between cis and trans isomers | Peptidyl proline isomerase (PPI)
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| Allows proteins containing proline to adopt the correct configuration | Peptidyl proline isomerase (PPI)
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| Phosphorylates translational initiation factors (Ifs)leading to the inhibition of translation and reduces proteins entering the ER | Protein ER Kinase (PERK)
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| A complex of E2/E3 which recognizes and tags a damaged protein for destruction. | Ubiquitin ligase
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| Enzyme that cleaves fatty acids from phsopholipids. | Phospholipases
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| Hydrolyzes the ester on the C1 carbon of a phospholipid, giving a free fatty acid and a 1-lysophospholipid | Phospholipase A1
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| Hydrolyzes the ester on the C2 carbon of a phospholipid, giving a free fatty acid and a 2-lysophospholipid | Phospholipase A2
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| Hydrolyzes the phosphoester bond between the phosphate and the glycerol backbone giving DAG and phosphorylated head group in a phospholipid | Phospholipase C
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| Hydrolyzes the phosphoester bond between the phosphate and the head group giving PA and free head group in a phospholipid | Phospholipase D
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| Synthesizes cAMP | Adenylyl cyclase
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| Breaks down cAMP | Phosphodiesterase
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