OGT Science Terms
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| A substance that dissolves in water with the formation of hydrogen ions and reacts with a base to form a salt and water. It neutralizes alkalis, dissolves some metals, and turns litmus red; typically a corrosive and sour-tasing liquid. | Acid
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| Adjustment to environmental conditions, modification of an organism or its parts that makes ot more fit for existence under the conditions of the environment. | Adaptation
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| The smallest particle of an element that can exist either alone or in combination. | Atom
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| A substance that dissolves in water with the formation of hydroxyl ions and reacts with an acid to form a salt and water; turn litmus paper blue. | Base
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| Major ecological community (tropical rain forest, grassland or desert). | Biome
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| A substance formed from two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportion. | Compound
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| A variable whose values are determined by one or more (independent) variables. | Dependent variable
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| Any of more than 100 fundamental substances that consist of atoms of only one kind and that singly or in combination constitute all matter. | Element
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| The capacity of doing work, can be in various forms such as nuclear, sound, thermal, and light. | Energy
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| The sum of the qualities and potentialities genetically derived from one's ancestors; the relation between successiveness generations, by which characteristics persist. | Heredity
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| A state of equalibrium between different but interrelated functions or elements, as in an organism or group. | Homeostasis
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| Any of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and nearly identical chemical behavior, but with differing atomic mass or mass number and different physical properties. | Isotope
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| Energy associated with motion. | Kinetic energy
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| The property of a body that is a measure of its inertia and that is commonly taken as a taken as a mesure of the amount of material it contains causing it to have weight in a gravitational field. | Mass
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| Material substance that occupies space, has mass and is composed of atoms consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons that constitutes the observable universe, and that is interchangeable with energy. | Matter
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| The smallest particle of a substance that retains all the properties of the substance and is composed of one or more atoms. | Molecule
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| The principle that in a given environment individuals having characteristics that and survival will produce more offspring, and the proprotion of individuals having such characteristics will increase with each succeeding generation. | Natural selection
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| Compoiunds containing carbon and chiefly or ultimately of biological origin. | Organic
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| The chemical process by which chlorphyll-containing plants use light to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates, releasing oxygen as a by product. | Photosynthesis
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| The energy that matter has because of its position or because of the arrangement of atoms or parts. | Potential energy
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| Involving the measurement of quantity or amount. | Quantitative
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| Involving quality or kind. | Qualitative
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| The physical and chemical processes by which an organism supplies its cells and tissues with the oxygen needed for metabolism and relieves them of the carbon dioxide formed in entergy-producing reactions. | Respiration
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| Principles and procedures for the sytematic pursuit of knowledge involving the recognition and formulation of a problem, the collection of data through observation and experiment, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses. | Scientific method
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| A quantity that may assume any one of a set of values. | Variable
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