WVSOM -- RNA Transcription
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| Transcription | show 🗑
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| show | A reticulate network of regulatory mechanisms interact to control when and where gens are expressed
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| When do regulatory mechanisms occur? | show 🗑
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| show | mRNA
rRNA
tRNA, snRNA, 5S rRNA
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| mRNA function | show 🗑
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| What is the relative abundance of mRNA | show 🗑
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| What RNA polymerase is used in mRNA? | show 🗑
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| show | components of ribosomes
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| What is the relative abundance of rRNA? | show 🗑
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| What RNA polymerase is used in rRNA? | show 🗑
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| Function of tRNA | show 🗑
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| Relative abundance of tRNA, snRNA and 5S rRNA | show 🗑
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| RNA polymerase used in tRNA, snRNA, 5S rRNA | show 🗑
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| Function of snRNA | show 🗑
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| show | ribosomes
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| What is downstream? | show 🗑
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| What is upstream? | show 🗑
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| What is the numbering system for RNA transcription? | show 🗑
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| show | A region of DNA used to activate or repress transcription of a gene.
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| show | A region of DNA that regulates transcription like a promotoer, but can be moved relative to the gene it controls.
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| Can a promoter be moved relative to the gene? | show 🗑
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| Where are regulatory regions on mRNA? | show 🗑
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| Where is the promoter usually at? | show 🗑
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| show | upstream usually great distances from their genes
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| show | its 5' - 3' orientatino can be flipped in a transgenic expression assay while a promoter cannot
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| What is a minimal promoter? | show 🗑
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| show | NO
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| show | Most minimal promoters for Pol II possess teh consensus sequence TATAa/tA.
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| What are TATAless promoters? | show 🗑
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| show | Held more weakly because adenosines adn thymidines only have 2 specific bonds.
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| show | a cluster of proteins that assemble around the TATA box to initiate transcription
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| TBP | show 🗑
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| TAF | show 🗑
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| Where is the start of transcription? | show 🗑
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| show | TBP first binds several TAFs in the nucleoplasm
These complexes then find a TATA box
Other TAFs are then recruited to form an initiation complex.
These complexes then attract an RNA polymerase which looks for a purine.
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| What do promoters for Pol I and Pol III lack? | show 🗑
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| What is required to elevate and regulate transcription? | show 🗑
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| What are recognition sequences? | show 🗑
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| show | TATA box
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| show | second most common recognition sequence.
Raises baseline transcription.
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| What is CCAAT box bound to? | show 🗑
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| show | Third most common recognition sequence
Consists of GC rich regions 20-50 bp long and bound by SP1 transcription factor.
Common in TATAless promoters
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| Transcription factors | show 🗑
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| show | a region of a transcription factor that recognizes and binds a specific sequence of DNA.
Usually basic
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| Activation domain | show 🗑
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| show | Negative charge with little structure and few specific interactions.
Attracts RNA polymerase.
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| Four Observations of Acid Blob Model | show 🗑
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| show | Enhancers are far enough away.
Promoter is so close to transcription it can't move around and work the same way.
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| show | Enhancers and promoters start interacting and wrap up to form a complex all clustered together. Negative charge is pushed to the outside.
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| Initiation complex | show 🗑
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| show | The RNA polymerase breaks the DNA bond and uncoils there by allowing RNA to be transcribed.
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| show | RNA will move away and the DNA will rebind
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| What is the primary transcript? | show 🗑
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| show | capping
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| show | a guanosine is added to teh first nucleotide of teh primary transcript by an unusual 5' - 5' bond
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| Why does capping occur? | show 🗑
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| show | the cap, 2' hydroxyls of the first and third nucleotides
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| What is splicing? | show 🗑
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| show | Intron
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| show | Exons
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| show | spliceosomes
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| What are spliceosomes? | show 🗑
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| What composes snRNPs? | show 🗑
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| What is polyadenylation? | show 🗑
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| show | Makes the poly-A tail to the end of RNA and promotes stability
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| Where is excess RNA cleaved? | show 🗑
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| show | Helix-Turn-Helix
Zinc Fingers
Helix-Loop-Helix
Leeucine Zippers
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| What are Helix-Turn-Helix Family? | show 🗑
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| How are transcription factor families classified. | show 🗑
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| show | Cysteine and histidine residues are chelated to a central zinc ion, creating several loops in the polypeptide.
These loops act like “fingers” wedging themselves into the major groove to bind DNA
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| Three subfamilies of zinc fingers | show 🗑
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| What is C2H2 | show 🗑
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| show | Like C2H2 except that there are 2 pairs of cysteins with no histidines
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| What is C6 | show 🗑
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| show | Like HTH factors but have two α helices separated by linker region.
Linker regions of HLH are longer and no sequence similarity between HLH and HTH
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| show | All function as dimeric proteins.
Interaction domain specifically binds another protein.
Extensions of α helices which grip the recognition sequence on each side of the DNA
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Created by:
tjamrose
Popular Genetics sets