Nucleic Acid Stains
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| Two types DNA AND RNA | show 🗑
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| show | DNA
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| Has 5 carbon sugars called Ribose, found in the nucleolus and ribosomes | show 🗑
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| The sugars in DNA and RNA differ by a single hydroxyl group (OH-). the difference allows for selective demonstration of DNA and RNA by special staining technique | show 🗑
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| process by which a chemical compound decomposes by reacting with water | show 🗑
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| demonstrates DNA, hydrolysis of DNA by hydrochloric acid | show 🗑
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| show | Feulgen stain
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| show | Feulgen stain
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| DNA appreas Magenta/reddish purple | show 🗑
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| show | Feulgen stain
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| show | Feulgen stain special consideration
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| masked feulgen | show 🗑
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| NONE required all nuclei will stain | show 🗑
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y
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| Carnoyed fixed best, 10%NBF works, B-5, Helly or Zenker, | show 🗑
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| Control tissue, a section containing numerous plasma cells | show 🗑
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| show | Methyl green pyronin Y special consideration
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| pyronin is not specific for RNA. cartilage, osteoid, keratin, eosinphil granules and mast cell granules will also stain, DNA will stain but pyronin cant compete with Methyl green for DNA | show 🗑
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| process where a dye forms other dyes spontaneously | show 🗑
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| A compound dye or dye mix that contains components of different colors | show 🗑
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| Most common example of Romanowsky stain | show 🗑
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa
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| show | hematopoietic tissues
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa
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| basophilic or basic dye, methylene blue is combined w/eosinphilic or acid dye, to create "neutral dyes" that demonstrate a wide variety of colors when used to stain hematopoietic cell nuclei and platelets. | show 🗑
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| differentiate cells present in hematopoietic tissue. demonstrates presence of microorganisms. hitological dx for malaria, spirochete and protozoan blood parasites | show 🗑
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa fixative
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa
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| show | May-Grunwald Giemsa
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| Control spleen | show 🗑
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| made of 1-2% carbohydrate (chondroitin,heparin,and dermatan)and acid mucopolysaccharides | show 🗑
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| disease charactarized by amorphorous, eosinphilic, extracellular deposit, that slowly replace cellular elements of vital organs and causes progressive loss of function and eventually death | show 🗑
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| varies between patients and between organs in the same patient | show 🗑
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| show | primary amyloidosis
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| organs affected are muscle, heart, skin, tongue | show 🗑
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| associated with a predisposing disease, chronic inflamatory disease rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, infections such as tuberculosis and osteomyelitis | show 🗑
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| this type of amyloid most frequently deposited in kidneys, liver, spleen and adrenal gland | show 🗑
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| associated with disease of the immunological system, resembles primary amyloid | show 🗑
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| show | Tumor associated amyloid
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| show | APUD celss
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| compromise both specialized neurons and endocrine cells.synthesize structually related polypeptides and biogenic amines | show 🗑
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| amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation | show 🗑
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| show | peptide hormone examples
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| show | amine hormone examples
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| show | Apudoma
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| small-oat cell carcinoma of lung, carcinoids of lung, thymus, GI tract and prostate, medullary CA of thyroid, pancreatic islet cell tumor, malignant melanoma, Ganglioneuroma | show 🗑
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| show | polypeptide production
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| show | AL amyloid
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| show | AA amyloid
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| show | AF amyloid
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| show | APUD
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| demonstrates amyloid in tissues, most specific technique to demonstrate amyloid, | show 🗑
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| pretreatment with alkali aids in the release of native internal hydrogen bonds between adjacent protein chains creating mores sites for the dye to bind | show 🗑
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| show | congo red
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| show | Congo red
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| elastic tissues stain pale pink | show 🗑
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| nuclei stains blue | show 🗑
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| cut section at 8-10 microns | show 🗑
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| show | congo red special considerations
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| show | congo red
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| rapid screening method to demonstrate amyloid | show 🗑
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| show | crystal violet
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| addition of HCl in the stain prevents the cytoplasmic component from overstatining | show 🗑
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| amyloid stains violet, other tissue elements stain blue | show 🗑
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| cut sections 10-12 microns | show 🗑
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| show | crystal violet control
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| cover slip w/apathy mounting media or aqueous based mounting media or air dry slide completely then dip in xylene and use resinous media | show 🗑
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| show | Thioflavin T fluorescent Method
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| Amyloid fluoresces yellow/yellow green | show 🗑
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| Sections at 6-10 microns | show 🗑
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| show | Thioflavin T fluorescent Method special considerations
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| show | Thioflavin T fluorescent Method
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| pH of staining solution critical. More acid levels give more selective chromatin staining and less cytobasophilia, less acid pH levels give denser nuclei and increased cytoplasmic basophilia | show 🗑
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Created by:
nperez
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