Four Functions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is processing | The thinking the computer does, calculations, comparisons, and decisions.
What is meant by “all computers are digital”
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| What is meant by “all computers are digital” | All info is stored as a string of zeros or ones - off or on.
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| What is one on or off position | A bit
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| Eight bits is equal to what | One byte
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| What is the CPU | Central Processing Unit – where all the work gets done. (Most computers have one processing chip.)
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| What is Main Memory | It stores the commands that the CPU executes and the results.
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| Can a computer do more than one thing at a time | NO
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| One round of steps from getting an instruction back to getting the next instruction is called what | The Machine Cycle
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| List the machine cycle and what they do. | Fetch - get an instruction from Main Memory
Decode - translate it into computer commands
Execute - actually process the command
Store - write the result to Main Memo
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| What is one way to measure a computers speed | MIPS, standing for millions of instructions per second
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| A memory address holds 1 byte of data where a kilobyte is equal to and A megabyte is equal to | KB = 1024 bytes MB = 1024 kilobytes
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| A processors speed is affected by: | System clock rate
Bus width
Word size
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| What is system clock rate | The rate of an electronic pulse used to synchronize processing.
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| How is a processors speed measured | megahertz (MHz) where 1 MHz = 1 million cycles per second or gigahertz (GHz) where 1 GHz = 1 billion cycles per second.
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| What is bus width | The amount of data the CPU can transmit at a time to main memory and to input and output devices.(Any path bits travel is a bus.)
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| What is the word size | The amount of data the CPU can process at one time.
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| What are the physical components of a computer that are directly involved in processing | The processor chip itself
the memory devices
the motherboard
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| What is a single silicon chip containing CPU, ALU, and some memory. | A microprocessor
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| ROM | Read Only Memory (permanent)
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| RAM | Random Access Memory (temporary)
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| Where is the microprocessor chip located | On the motherboard
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| What are the two types of computer software | System
Application
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| What is system software | The operating system such as Windows 7 or XP
(used by the computer)
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| What is applications software | Used by people – Word, Excel, Access, FrontPage, Powerpoint, etc
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