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Four Functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is processing | The thinking the computer does, calculations, comparisons, and decisions. What is meant by “all computers are digital” |
| What is meant by “all computers are digital” | All info is stored as a string of zeros or ones - off or on. |
| What is one on or off position | A bit |
| Eight bits is equal to what | One byte |
| What is the CPU | Central Processing Unit – where all the work gets done. (Most computers have one processing chip.) |
| What is Main Memory | It stores the commands that the CPU executes and the results. |
| Can a computer do more than one thing at a time | NO |
| One round of steps from getting an instruction back to getting the next instruction is called what | The Machine Cycle |
| List the machine cycle and what they do. | Fetch - get an instruction from Main Memory Decode - translate it into computer commands Execute - actually process the command Store - write the result to Main Memo |
| What is one way to measure a computers speed | MIPS, standing for millions of instructions per second |
| A memory address holds 1 byte of data where a kilobyte is equal to and A megabyte is equal to | KB = 1024 bytes MB = 1024 kilobytes |
| A processors speed is affected by: | System clock rate Bus width Word size |
| What is system clock rate | The rate of an electronic pulse used to synchronize processing. |
| How is a processors speed measured | megahertz (MHz) where 1 MHz = 1 million cycles per second or gigahertz (GHz) where 1 GHz = 1 billion cycles per second. |
| What is bus width | The amount of data the CPU can transmit at a time to main memory and to input and output devices.(Any path bits travel is a bus.) |
| What is the word size | The amount of data the CPU can process at one time. |
| What are the physical components of a computer that are directly involved in processing | The processor chip itself the memory devices the motherboard |
| What is a single silicon chip containing CPU, ALU, and some memory. | A microprocessor |
| ROM | Read Only Memory (permanent) |
| RAM | Random Access Memory (temporary) |
| Where is the microprocessor chip located | On the motherboard |
| What are the two types of computer software | System Application |
| What is system software | The operating system such as Windows 7 or XP (used by the computer) |
| What is applications software | Used by people – Word, Excel, Access, FrontPage, Powerpoint, etc |
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eaashby3
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