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Ch 12 Vocab

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Term
Definition
Social Reform   organized attempts to improve conditions of life.  
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Predestination   the idea that god decided the fate of a person's soul even before birth.  
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Charles Finney   held the first of many religious revivals in 1826.  
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Revival   a huge outdoor religious meeting.  
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Temperance Movement   an organized effort to end alcohol abuse and the problems created by it.  
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Prohibition   a total ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol.  
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Dorothea Dix   Massachusetts school teacher who took up the cause of prison reform.  
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Public Schools   free schools supported by taxes.  
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Horace Mann   (Massachusetts) took the lead in education reform  
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Abolitionists   reformers who wanted to abolish, or end slavery.  
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William Lloyd Garrison   a quaker who strongly opposed the use of violence to end slavery.  
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Frederick Douglas   The most powerful speaker for abolitionism.  
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Harriet Tubman   escaped from slavery and escorted more than 300 people to freedom via the Underground Railroad.  
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Sojourner Truth   Born a slave, wasn't able to read, but her words inspired the crowds that heard her for abolitionism.  
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Lucretia Mott   A quaker who spent years working in the antislavery movement.  
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Elizabeth Cady Staton   abolitionist, who believed women should have equal rights as men.  
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Women's Suffrage   the right of women to vote.  
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Women's rights movement   an organized effort to improve the political, legal, and economic status of women in America.  
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Susan B. Anthony   founded the National Woman Suffrage Association in 1869, w/ Elizabeth Cady Staton.  
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Transcendentalism   a movement that sought to explore the relationship between humans and nature through emotions rather than reason.  
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Ralph Waldo Emerson   the leading transcendentalist who questioned the value of material goods.  
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Individualism   the unique importance of each individual.  
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Henry David Thoreau   urged people to live simply, took up emerson's challenge.  
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Civil Disobedience   the idea that people should peacefully disobey unjust laws if their consciences demand it.  
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Herman Melville and Nathaniel Hawthorne   men who changed the tone of American Literature.  
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Louisa May Alcott   presented a gentler view of New England life.  
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