History chapter 13
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| Militarism | the policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war. having a large and strong army made citizens feel patriotic.
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| Triple Alliance | Germany and Austria-Hungary and Italy joined an alliance
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| Kaiser Wilhelm II | took power in 1888 of Germany and forced Bismark to resign. He was proud and stubborn and dint wish to share his power with anyone. The army was his highest pride.
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| triple Entente | Didn't bind Britain to fight with France and Russia. However it did almost certainly ensured that Britain would not fight against them.
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| Central Powers | Germany and Austria-Hungary were on one side and they were in the heart of Europe.
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| Allies | Great Britain, France and Russia joined together Allied Powers
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| Western Front | A deadlock region in northern France
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| Schlieffen Plan | Battle strategy named after its designer General Alfred Graf Von Schlieffen. The plan called for attacking and defeating France in the west and then returning east to fight Russia
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| Trench Warfare | Opposing armies on the western front had dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire solders fought each other from trenches.
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| Eastern front | A stretch of battlefield along the German and Russian border
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| gallipoli campaign | Winston churchill planned it ended in disaster British lost everything
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| weimar republic | Germanys new government they signed the armistice
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| unrestricted submarine warfare | the germans announced that they would sink any ships without warning in the waters around Britain
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| Total war | WWI soon became this which meant countries devoted all their resources to the war effort
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| Rationing | many supplies were in short supply
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| Armistice | agreement signed by a representative of the new German government and French commander Marshal Foch to stop fighting they signed it an d the war ended on November 11 1918
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| Propaganda | convincing someone to do something a slogan, advertising, giving a good reason right or wrong
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| Woodrow Wilson | president of the U.S, "14" points formed a league of nations and rejected the harsh treatment of Germany
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| George Clemenceau | President of France, for punishing Germany (revenge) Germany pay reparations, wanted Germanys territory
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| 14 points | peace proposal drawn up by president Woodrow Wilson they outlined a plan for achieving a just and lasting peace
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| self-determination | allowing people to decide for themselves under what government they wished to live
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| Treaty of Versailles | The differences in French, Britain and U.S aims led to hatred arguments among the nations leaders. the treaty between Germany and the allied powers was signed on June 28,1919 5 years after franz Ferdinands assassination in sarajero
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| league of nations | created by the treaty the league was to be an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations
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| the germans came to within how many miles of paris during the second battle of the Marne | 40 miles
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| name two reasons why the U.S drew closer to the Allied cause between 1914-1917? | -unrestricted submarine warfare
-common language
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| what was the last european nation to declare war on August 4 1914 | England
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| what 3 nations formed the triple alliance in 1914? triple entente in 1914? | -Germany,Austria-Hungary, Italy
-Britain, France and Russia
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| name two root causes of WWI | -imperialism
-militarism
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| name 2 demands the Allied nations placed on Germany as part of the Versailles Treaty | -no more than 100,000 men in the army
-30 billion dollars for the allied nations
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| name 2 long term results of the Versailles Treaty | - foundation for WWII
- caused German economy to collapse by 1923
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| how many french casualties were there at the battle of Verdun? | 300,000
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| how many German casualties were there at the battle of the Somme | 500,000
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