Ch. 17 Endocrine System (Anatomy)
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| Chemical messenger transported by bloodstream and stimulates physiological responses elsewhere in the body | show 🗑
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| Glands, tissues or cells that secrete hormones are part of this | show 🗑
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| show | Endocrine gland
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| Release products via ducts which connect to the surface or to the inside of a cavity | show 🗑
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| show | Neuroendocrine cells
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| show | Endocrinology
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| May occur, because the circulating hormone is in an inactive form and only the target has the enzyme needed to convert it to the active form | show 🗑
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| Final destination for a hormone | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Labor contractions, mother-infant bonding | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Promotes secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Widespread tissue growth | show 🗑
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| show | Prolactin-inhibiting hormone
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| (hormone): milk synthesis | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Sperm production | show 🗑
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| show | Antidieuretic hormone
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| ____ hormones are not secreted at constant raites but rather the timing/amount of secretion is regulated by the hypothalamus, other brain centers, and feedback from target organs | show 🗑
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| show | Melatonin
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| PMS and SAD can be treated with ___, frequent exposure to mild amounts of UV radiation. | show 🗑
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| In treating endocrine disorders, it is essential to understand the role of ___ in order to alleviate the issue. | show 🗑
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| show | Insulin
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| ACTH relies on cAMP as a second messenger because it is in a ___ pairing. | show 🗑
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| Prostaglandins are derived from ___ | show 🗑
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| ___, found in the thyroid gland, stimulate bone deposition by responding to rising levels of blood calcium and secreting calcitonin. | show 🗑
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| show | Membrane
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| show | Pancreas
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| Develops from the hypophyseal pouch of the embryo and constitutes the anterior 3/4 of the pituitary | show 🗑
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| Growth hormone hypersecretion in adulthood causes a disease called___ | show 🗑
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| show | Cortisol
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| Adrenal steroids that regulate glucose metabolism are collectively called ___ | show 🗑
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| show | Interstitial
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| Target cells can reduce pituitary secretion via a process called ___ | show 🗑
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| A hormone is said to have a ___ effect when it stimulates the target cell to develop receptors for other hormones to follow; second messengers | show 🗑
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| show | Up-regulation
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| The ___ is the largest endocrine gland in adults | show 🗑
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| show | Thymus
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| Believed to be involved in maintaining the body's circadian rhythms | show 🗑
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| Secreted in response to hypocalcemia | show 🗑
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| Elongated, spongy gland located below and behind the stomach | show 🗑
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| show | Calcitonin
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| (hormone): Any hormone that raises blood glucose concentration | show 🗑
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| (hormone): primary adrenal sex steroids | show 🗑
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| (hormone): regulates menstrual cycle and pregnancy | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Stimulates fat and protein catabolism and helps body to adapt to stress | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Stimulates fetal and adolescent reproductive development, muscle/bone growth and sperm production | show 🗑
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| (hormone): Increase alertness and prepare body in several ways for physical activity | show 🗑
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| show | Calorigenic
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| One hormone molecule can activate millions of enzyme molecules through ___ | show 🗑
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| Strip of tissue between the anterior lobe and neurohypophysis; present only in human fetuses and not in adults | show 🗑
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| Hormones which target the ovaries and testes | show 🗑
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| show | Neuroendocrine reflexes
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| show | Half-life
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| show | Involution
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| ___, which mature in the thymus, are critically important for immune defense | show 🗑
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| show | Adrenal medulla
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| show | Adrenal cortex
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| show | Aldosterone
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| Secrete glucagon between meals when the blood glucose concentration declines | show 🗑
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| show | Insulin
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| show | Gastrin
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| show | Steroid hormones
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| show | Monoamines
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| Chains of 3-200+ amino acids | show 🗑
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| Process in which a cell reduces its receptor population and thus becomes less sensitive to a hormone | show 🗑
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| show | Synergistic effect
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| One hormone opposes the action of another | show 🗑
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| show | Alarm reaction
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| show | Stage or resistance
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| show | Stage of exhaustion
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| Important family of paracrine secretions that have 20- carbon backbones derived from arachidonic acid | show 🗑
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| Chemical signals released into the tissue fluid and not into the blood | show 🗑
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| Inhibits blood clotting and vasoconstriction | show 🗑
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| Stimulate blood clotting and vasoconstriction | show 🗑
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| Promote fever and pain; alter sensitivity of anterior pituitary to hypothalamic hormones; function as neuromodulators; inhibit gastric secretin; constrict/dilate bronchioles, etc | show 🗑
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| show | Diabetes insipidus
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| Thickening of the bones and soft tissues with noticeable effects on the hands, feet and face | show 🗑
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| show | Cushing syndrome
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| show | Diabetes mellitus
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