Sport Industry Final
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| What is Sport Toursim? | Travel which involves either observing or participating in a sporting event staying apart from their usual environment
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| Four Components of Sport Tourism | Tourists
Businesses that provide goods and services for tourists
The government in a tourist destination
The host community
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| Examples of Active Sport Tourism | Person travels to take part in sport
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| Examples of Passive Sport Tourism | Person travels to watch a sport
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| Examples of Nostalgia Sport Tourism | Going to Pro Football hall of fame
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| What is a Hallmark Event? | Superbowl, Wimbeldon
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| Difference between Mega and Small-Scale Event | Mega- Olympics
Small-scale- College sports, existing community infastructure
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| Which of these is not a part of the triple bottom line? | Social well-being
Mental well-being
Economics
Environment
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| (T/F) The legacy of urban regeneration means the beautification and rebuilding of run-down urban areas preceding an event | TRUE
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| Which of these is not a cause of exaggeration of economic benefits from a sport tourism event? | Time switchers
Casuals
Regulars
Displacement
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| What could make an economic impact study unreliable? | Who conducted the study, what did it actually take into account
Displacement Effect-process whereby potential tourists are discouraged from visiting a destination because of perceptions of such hassles as crowding
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| (T/F) An economic impact study is a better measure for the impact of an event than a cost-benefit analysis | FALSE
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| What is Sport Marketing | Sport marketing is the process of designing and implementing activities for the production, pricing, promotion and distribution of a sport product or sport business product to satisfy the needs or desires of consumers and to achieve the company’s objectiv
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| Two unique aspects of sport? | Intangible and involves emotion
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| What are the 4 P's of marketing? | Price
Promotion
Place
Product
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| 10 steps in creating a marketing plan? | Place
Price
Purpose
Position
Package
Promise
Protecting the Market
Players
Promotion
Product
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| What are internal factors of the market climate? | Players, Owners, Team Management, Staff
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| What are the external factors of market climate? | Media, corporate sponsors, fans
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| Branding Steps in order from first to last | Brand Awareness
Brand Image
Brand Equity
Brand Loyalty
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| Difference between Demographics and Psychographics | Demographics- City, Income, Sex
Psychographics- Sport itself, service
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| Difference between Tangible and Core Products | Tangible- Goods
Core- Sport itself, service
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| 4 things to consider when setting a product price | Consumer
Competitor
Company
Climate
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| 3 aspects of promotional mix | Advertising
Sponsorship
Public Relations
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| 5 key concepts in Sport Communication Theory | Genres
Context
Process
Elements
Effects
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| Difference between external and internal organization | Internal- Memos within organization
External- News released to public through media outlets
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| 4 Basic component elements of communication | Sender
Message
Receiver
Channel to which the message is delivered
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| 2 Factors that can inhibit communication | Feedback
Noise
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| (T/F) Intrapersonal Communication is communication between two people | FALSE
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| Example of Print Commnication | Newspaper
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| Example of Electronic Communication | TV
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| Example of New Media Communication | Twitter, Facebook
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| What is the difference between two-way symmetrical and two-way asymmetrical communication | Asymmetrical- Try to induce Public Behavior
Symmetrical- Recognize outcome may mean that the organization and public may have to change
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| Differences between Public, Media, and Community Relations | PR- Public Based
MR- Media Based
CR- Community Based
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| What is Scarcity? | Insufficient resources to meet needs and wants
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| (T/F) Good are tangible, services are intangible | TRUE
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| What are the laws of supply and demand | Law of demand: as price increases, demand decreases
Law of supply: as price increases, supply increases
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| This means where market supply meets market demand | Market Equilibrium
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| (T/F) All professional sports teams are profitable | FALSE
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| What are 3 reasons costs have increased in college athletics | Travel, Equipment, Coaches Salary
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| 3 ways colleges can cut spending | TV, Merchandising, Student Fees
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| How do you calculate assets | Assets=Liability + Owners Equity
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| 5 varsity athletic facilities at The Ohio State University | Ohio Stadium, St. Johns, Schott, Bill Davis Stadium, JO
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| 3 things that shape consumer attitudes | Experiences, feelings, beliefs
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| Highly identified consumers do all the following except? | Attend more games
Are more sensitive to price
Are less sensitive to prove
Invest more time and effort into being a fan
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| What are reference groups? | Peers, people or groups that influence your ideas or behaviors based on their favorite team. Parents affect on you liking Ohio State.
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| Every event is a product, outcome and a | Occurence
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| What are 3 pre-event tasks? | Scheduling the event, Negotiating the event, Coordinating the event
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| What are 3 post-event tasks? | Clean up, settlement, evaluation
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| Example of Single purpose facility? | Bowling Alley
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| Specialized facility | Ice Rink
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| Multi-purpose facility | Large stadium
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| Non-traditional facility | Skate Park
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| Privatization started in what sport sector? | Professional
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| What is sport consumer behavior? | Consists of the process involved in the search, selection, purchase, and use of products, services, and experiences that fulfill consumers’ needs or desires
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| What is the difference between a market segment and target market? | Market segment- Portion of the population
Target market- specific market segment you've identified
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| 3 key motives for participation | Social motivation, Mastery motivation, Achievement motivation
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| Which of the following motivations means motivation to be the best | Achievement Motivation
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| What does BIRGing stand for? | Basking In Reflective Glory
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| (T/F) All participants of a sport are also spectators | FALSE
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| What are 2 stimuli that affect consumer perception | Physical, Cognitive
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| Example of a direct reference group | Family
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| What is an example of an in-direct reference group | Athletes, actors, people who you don't come in contact with
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| What is situational influence? | Influence of going to a Tigers game in Detroit vs. the Royals. You wanna root for the Tigers because of the situation you're in.
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| What are the five steps in the consumer decision making progress? | Recognition, information search, Evaluation of alternatives, Purchase, past purchase
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| (Essay) Why could virtual consumption be a challenge? | Fan's don't want to come out to NFl games because they're concerned more with their fantasy teams
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| What is precedent? | A legal case establishing a principle or rule that a court may need to adopt when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts.
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| (T/F) Judges must follow precedent? | FALSE
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| What types of organizations does the U.S. constitution cover? | Public schools, organizations
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| (T/F) Statutes, laws, regulations, or policies may not conflict with the U.S. Constitution? | TRUE
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| Two biggest pieces of legislation to impact sports | Title IV, ADA (Disabilities Act)
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| Example where an individual act in sport signified a broader social concern | Mike Vick- Animal Abuse
Lance Armstrong- Doping
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| Example where sport served as a vehicle for social transformation | Jackie Robinson
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| What is the difference between heterosexism and homophobia? | Heterosexism- better to be your gender, dominate gender
Homophobia- Irrational fear of homosexuality, anti-gay stance
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| (T/F) More women are in leadership positions in sport since Title IX was passed | FALSE
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| Who was the first athlete in the "Big Four" to come out as a gay professional athlete | Jason Collins
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| How have researchers given into racism in sport? | Studied to see if there was a correlation between genetics and athletic performance
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| When do you not have to accommodate under ADA? | If you're imposing a risk to able fans
If you were built at a certain time
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| Title IX is apart of a larger bill relating to what? | Education
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| What are the 3 aspects of the Three Prong test | 1. Proportionality: the proportionality of student-athletes must meet the proportionality of students on campus.
2. History and continuing practice: must show that there has been a continuous effort to expand to meet the interests and abilities of the un
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| What 2 areas of law do state laws cover? | Contracts, Torts
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| What's the difference between compensatory and punitive damages | Compensatory- monetary damage, medical bills
Punitive- Extra charge to make them pay for pain and suffering
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| What is negligence | Failure to act as a reasonable person would
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| 4 Things the plaintiff must prove in a negligence case | Duty
Breech of Duty
Approximate Cause
Injury
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| What is protected from defamation suits? | No truth is protected, you can't be saved for the truth
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| What is the difference between assault and batter | Assault- Verbal threat
Battery- Physical harm
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| What is an example of an exculpatory agreement? | Waiver or release, Liability for running a race
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| What problems do National Letters of Intent as contracts pose? | Must be 18 to sign a contract
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| What 3 things do sports sociologists study? | Social Patterns
Social Structure
Organization of people
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