History terms and questions- civil rights
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| affirmatve action | An action or policy favoring people who tend to suffer from discrimination, in relation to employment or education.
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| busing | Transport a child of one race to a school where another race is predominant, as an attmept to premote intigration.
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| desegregation | End of segregation, or separation of different racial groups.
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| discrimination | The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different catigories of people or things.
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| diversity | Having different varieties of ethnic groups.
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| ethnic group | Pertaining to or the characteristics of people especially a group charing common and distinctive culture, religion, language, ect..
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| ethnocentrism | The belief the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture.
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| intergration | The act or instince of combining racial, religious, or ethnic groups.
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| prejudice | An unfavorable opinion or felling formed beforehand, or without knowledge.
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| quota | A number or percentage, especially of people, constituting a required or targeted minimum.
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| race | A group of persons related by common descent or heredity.
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| racism | Hatred or intolerance of another race or other races.
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| segregation | The act of separating or setting apart different groups.
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| sexism | The act of favoring one sex over the other.
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| stereotype | A widely held but fixed and over simplified image or idea of a particular person or group.
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| black codes | Set limits on blacks and they were different from state to state. these codes set limits on the freedom of blacks as well.
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| boycott | A refusal to by goods or buy at any particular business.
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| emancipation | To be set free from segrigation.
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| jim crow | Was a name for the system of racial seperation and discrimination.
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| reconstruction | 1865- 1877
To free blacks from white oppression and to give them equal civil rights in their country. Federal government rebuilt southern states (former confederacy) physically, politically, economically, and socially, and rebuilt the Union.
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| ride-in | Demonstrations where people would ride in a bus or trolly and refuse to get off.
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| List 2 methods used by southern states to keep black from voting? | -poll tax
-literacy test
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| What was the Grandfather clause? | said:
-if you couldn't pass the literacy test or pay the poll tax could still vote
-but --> only if your grandfather had before Jan. 1, 1867
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| intolerance | Not willing to respect the beliefs, practices, or behavior of others.
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| Nixon vs. Herndon (1972) | -supreme court ruled--> blacks could vote in primaries
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| Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) | -court ruled--> segrigation= not illegal but had to be equal facilities for both
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| Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) | -court overturned--> but equal
-ordered desegrigation of schools
-said segrigation fo public schools denied equal protection under 14th Amendment
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| Why did many Indians not take part in council elections under the Indian Reorganization Act passed in June, 1934? | Because concill members weren't being elected traditionally.
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| What job did M.M. Bethune hold in FDR's admistration? | She was FDR's official advisor for minority affairs.
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| How did New Deal laws treat blacks unfairly? | -C.C.C. camps were sepregated
-W.P.A. programs didn't always give jobs to blacks
-A.A.A. -favored farmers with lots of land
-blacks usually had very little land
-Social Security- most blacks were not covered by it
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| In what segment of American society did President Truman order disegregation in 1946? | Armed forces
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| What governor of Arkansas barred black students from intergrating Central High school? What president took what action as a result? | -governor= Governor Orval E. Faubus
-Eisenhower took action
-he sent federal troops to Little Rock
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| Name 3 kinds of direct action taken by blacks as the movement changed. | -sit-ins
-strike
-picketing
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| With what individual do you associate the Black Power movement? | Stokely Carmichael
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| With what individual do you associate the Mexican-American Rights movement? | Cesar Chavez
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| Name and describe specific programs by President Johnson to wage War on poverty. | -Economic Opportunity Act:-August '64 was passed
-Helped improve people's job skills and be better educated
-Job corps:-trained school drop-outs
-Operation Head Start:-helped young children (from low-income families)
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| continued | prepare for school
-VISTA:-social workers and teachers work with low-income and other groups
-office of Economic Opportunity- set up to run programs
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| What ethnic group constitutes the 2nd largest minority in the U.S.? | Mexican-Americans and Hispanics
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| When was the ERA amendment passed? | -on July 1982- after ten years the Equal Rights Amendment failed
-approved by 35 states- needed 38 for radification
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| de factio segregation | Segregation not by law but just because everyone is used to it and choses to do it. (segregation by custom)
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