What is geography
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| anthropogentic | human-induced changes on the natural environment
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| carthography | theory and practice of making visual representation of the earth's surface
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| cultural ecology | the study of the the interaction between societies and the natural environment they live in
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| cultural landscape | the human-modification natural landscape specifically containing the imprint of a particular culture or society
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| earth system science | systematic approach to physical geography that looks at the interaction between the earth's physical systems and processes on the global scale
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| environmental geography | the intersection between human and physical systems and the processes on a global scale
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| Geographical Information System (GIS) | a set of computer tools used to capture, store, transform, analyze, and display geographic data
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| Global Positioning System (GPS) | a set of satellites used to help determine the location anywhere on the earth's surface with a portable electronic device
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| idiographic | pertaining to the unique facts of characteristics of a particular place
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| George Perkins Marsh | Inventor, diplomat, politician, and scholar, his classic work, MAN AND NATURE, PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AS MODIFIED BY HUMAN ACTION, provided the first description of the extent to which natural systems had been impacted by human activities
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| Eratosthenes | the head librarian at Alexandria during the 3rd century B.C.; he was one of the 1st cartographers. Performed a remarkably accurate computation of the earth's circumference. He is also credited with coining the term geography
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| natural landscape | the physical landscape or enviornment that has not been affected by human activities
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| nomothetic | concepts or rules that can be applied universally
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| W.D. Pattison | he claimed that geography drew from four distinct traditions: the earth-science tradition, the cultural-enviorment tradition, the locational tradition and the area-analysis tradition
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| physical geography | the realm of geography that studies the structures, processes, distrubutions, and change through time of the natural phenomena of the earth's surface
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| Ptolemy | roman geographer-astronomer and the author of GUIDE TO GEOGRAPHY which included maps containing a grid system of latitude and longitude
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| qualititative data | data associated with a more humanistic approach to geography, often collected through interviews, empirical observations, or the interpretation of texts, artwork, old maps, and other archives
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| quantitative revolution | a period in human geography associated with the widespread adoption if mathematical models and statistical
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| quantitative data | data associated with the mathematical models and statistical techniques used to analyze spatial location and association
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| region | a territory that encompasses many places that share similar attributes (may be physical, cultural, or both) in comparison with the attributes of places elsewhere
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| regional geography | the study of geographic regions
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| remote sensing | observation and mathmatical measurement of the earth's surface using aircraft and satellites. The sensors include both photograpic images, thermal images, multispectral scanners, and radar images
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| Carl Sauer | defined the concept of cultural landscape as the fundamental unit of geographical analysis. This landscape results from interactions between humans and the physical enviornment. Sauer argued that no landscape has escaped alteration by human activities
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| sense of place | feelings evoked by people as a result of certain experiences and memories associated with a particular place
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| spatial perspective | an intellectual framework that looks at the particular locations of specific phenomena, how and why that phenomena is where it is, and, finally, how it is spatially related to phenoma in other places
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| sustainability | the concept of using the earth's resources in such a way that they provide for people's needs in present without dimininshing the earth's ability to provide for future generations
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| systematic geography | the study of the eath's integrated systems as a whole, instead of focusing on particular phenomena in a single place
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| thematic layers | individual maps of specific features that are overlaid on one another in Geographical Information System to understand and analyze a spatial relationship
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