Water
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| What is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element? | atom
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| What is associated with the atomic nucleus because of positive and negative charges but is still relatively far from the nucleus? | Electrons in the electron cloud
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| Water? | Hydro
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| Loving? | philos
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| Fearing? | phobos
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| A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution | Acid
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| The attraction between different kinds of molecules due to hydrogen bonds | Adhesion
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| A solution in which water is the solvent | Aqueous solution
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| A substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution | Base
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| The binding together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds | Cohesion
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| The property of a liquid whereby the surface becomes cooler during evaporation, owing to a loss of highly kinetic molecules to the gaseous state | Evaporative cooling
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| The total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter | heat
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| The quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for one gram to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state. Amount of energy needed to turn a liquid into a gas and is relatively high in water due to hydrogen bonds | Heat of vaporization
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| A single proton with a charge of plus one (+1). The dissociation of a water molecule leads to the generation of a hydroxide (OH-) and a hydrogen ion (H+) | Hydrogen ion
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| Having an affinity for water | Hydrophilic
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| Having an aversion to water | Hydrophobic
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| A water molecule that has lost a proton | Hydroxide ion
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| The energy of motion | Kinetic energy
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| The sum of masses of all the atoms in a molecule, sometimes called molecular weight | Molecular mass
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| A measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution; ranges in value from 0 to 14 | pH
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| A substance that is dissolved in a solution | Solute
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| A liquid that is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances | Solution
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| The dissolving agent of the solution | Solvent
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| The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost of 1 g of a substance to change its temperature by 1°C. how much energy it takes to change the temperature of the liquid and it's relatively high in water because of hydrogen bonds | Specific heat
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| A measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of the liquid and is made higher in water due to hydrogen bonds | Surface tension
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| A measure of the intensity of heat in degrees | Temperature
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| What is made of one atom of oxygen bonded to two hydrogen atoms by polar covalent bonds? This also allows for what to form between water molecules? | Water, hydrogen bonds
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| What gives water many unique properties compared to other liquids? | Hydrogen bonding
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| Ice, or frozen water, is (blank) dense than liquid water because the (blank blank) in ice are fixed into place and space the water molecules further apart | Less dense, hydrogen bonds
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| A homogenous mixture of two or more substances | Solution
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| Things dissolved in a solvent | Solutes
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| If the solvent is water, it is what? | An aqueous solution
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| (Blank) substances are repelled By water and contai nonpolar bonds | Hydrophobic
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| (Blank) substances are attracted By water and contain polar bonds or are ionic compounds | Hydrophilic
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| When water breaks apart they can break into (blank) and (blank)? | Hydrogen cations (H+) and hydroxide and ions (OH-)
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| The measure of how many H+ are in substances | ph
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| H+ are (blank) in acids and (blank) in bases | High, low
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| A pH of seven is? | Neutral
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| you can figure out the pH, using the formula: | pH = -log[H+]
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| formula for pH | [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
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| The attraction of like molecules to each other | Cohesion
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| The cohesive force is maintained by the transient (blank blank) between adjacent molecules that contain internal polar covalent bonds | Hydrogen bonds
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| The attraction of one type of molecule to another type | Adhesion
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| In the transport vessels of a plant, ((blank) helps water molecules travel from the roots to the leaves by a chain of water molecules, each hydrogen bonded to water molecules enables the water to be pulled upwards against the pool of gravity | Cohesion
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| (Blank) forces between the water molecules and other type of molecules in the vessel walls contain polar covalent bonds and therefore can hydrogen bond with the water molecules | Adhesive
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| Water has a (blank) specific heat compared to other liquids so that its temperature changes less dramatically with adding or taking away heat | High
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| Waters resistance to changing temperature is because (blank blank) between water molecules must be broken first by the added heat before any of that he can be used for a change in temperature | Hydrogen bonds
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| Coastal areas generally have (blank) climates then inland areas due to the stabilizing effect of water on the air temperatures | Milder
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| Measure of how hard it is to break the surface of the fluid | Surface tension
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| Water tends to have a (Blank) amount of surface tension compared to other liquids | Higher
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| The (blank blank) between water molecules gives a stability to the surface | Hydrogen bonds
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| When the temperature of water is lowered the hydrogen bonds between water molecules become what? | Fixed into place, spacing the water molecules further apart. This makes ice less dense than liquid
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| Water has a relatively (blank) heat of vaporization due to the need of molecules of water to overcome the attraction of the hydrogen bonds between each other | High
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| a solution is a homogenous mixture of what? | Solute and solvent
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| Hydrophobic substances contain what type of bonds that allow them to be repelled by water? | Nonpolar covalent bonds
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| Hydrophilic substances are attracted to water and contain what type of bonds? | Either polar covalent or ionic bonds
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| Hydrogen bonds have to be between what types of molecules? | Polar
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| The attraction of water to neighboring water is an example of what? | Cohesion
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| Water-based blood is attracted to glass capillaries which is caused by the adhesion of polar water to polar glass. This is called what? | Capillary action
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| What is it called when hydrogen bonds between water molecules break? | Evaporation
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| Water is a versatile solvent due to its what? | Polarity
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| Water can form what type of solution? | Aqueous
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| Regions of polar water molecules can interact with (blank) compounds called (blank) and dissolve them | Ionic, solutes
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| Dissociation of water means that water can dissociate into (blank) and (blank)? | Hydrogen and hydroxide
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