Chapter 12: Computer Security and Safety, Ethics, and Privacy
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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on it to display the answer.
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| An alternative to e-mail filtering is to purchase a(n) ____ program that attempts to remove a message before it reaches a user’s inbox. | anti-spam
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| To avoid items users can sign up for ____, which is a service from an Internet service provider that blocks e-mail messages from designated sources. | e-mail filtering
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| ____ is an unsolicited e-mail message or newsgroup posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once. | spam
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| A(n) ____ program protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files. | antivirus
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| Many Web sites require a user to enter a ____, which is a private combination of characters associated with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources. | password
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| Many Web sites require a user to enter a user ____, which is a unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet or numbers. | name
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| A UPS connects between a computer and a ____. | power source
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| A ____ is a numeric password either assigned by a company or selected by a user. | PIN
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| A ____ is a small text file that a Web server stores on a user’s computer. | cookie
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| A ____ is the unit of energy a surge protection device can absorb before it can be damaged. | joule
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| A certificate ____ is an authorized person or company that issues and verifies digital certificates. | certificate
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| A computer ____ risk is any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware, software, data, information, or processing capability. | security
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| A momentary overvoltage, called a ____, occurs when the increase in power lasts for less than one millisecond (one thousandth of a second). | surge
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| A particularly devastating type of DoS attack is the ____ DoS attack, in which multiple unsuspecting computers are used to attack multiple computer networks. | distributed
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| A personal ____ is a utility program that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized access. | firewall
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| A system ____ is the prolonged malfunction of a computer. | failure
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| A virus ____ is an e-mail message that warns users of a nonexistent virus, worm, or Trojan horse. | hoax
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| A(n) ____ certificate is a notice that guarantees a user or Web site is legitimate. | digital
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| A(n) ____ copies all of the files in a computer. | full backup
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| A(n) ____ gives authors and artists the exclusive rights to duplicate, publish, and sell their materials. | copyright
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| A(n) ____ has the same intent as a cracker, but does not have the technical skills and knowledge. | script kiddie
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| A(n) ____ is a device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power. | UPS
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| A(n) ____ is a duplicate of a file, program, or disk that can be used if the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed. | backup
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| A(n) ____ is an injury or disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, and joints. | RSI Repetitive stress injury
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| A(n) ____ is someone who uses e-mail as a vehicle for extortion. | cyberextortionist
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| A(n) ____ is someone who uses the Internet or network to destroy or damage computers for political reasons. | cyberterrorist
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| A(n) ____ network, the most recent network standard, conforms to the government security standards and uses more sophisticated encryption techniques than WPA. | 802.11i
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| A(n) ____ occurs when the electrical supply drops. | undervoltage
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| A(n) ____ occurs when the incoming electrical power increases significantly above the normal 120 volts. | overvoltage
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| A(n) ____ program secretly collects information about a user. | spyware
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| A(n) ____ source is a company or person a user believes will not send a virus-infected file knowingly. | trusted
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| A(n) ____ suppressor uses special electrical components to smooth out minor noise, provide a stable current flow, and keep an overvoltage from reaching a computer and other electronic equipment. | surge
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| An IT code of conduct is a written guideline that helps determine whether a specific computer action is ____. | ethical
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| Computer ____ are the moral guidelines that govern the use of computers and information systems. | ethics
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| Computer ____ occurs when a computer consumes someone’s entire social life. | addiction
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| Computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and rootkits are classified as ____, which are programs that act without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alter the computer’s operations. | malware
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| Content ____ is the process of restricting access to certain material on the Web. | filtering
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| Digital ____ is the discovery, collection, and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks. | forensics
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| _____________is used by military intelligence, insurance agencies and law enforcement | digital forensics
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| Employee ____ involves the use of computers to observe, record, and review an employee’s use of a computer, including communications such as e-mail messages, keyboarding activity, and Web sites visited. | monitoring
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| In the case of system failure or the discovery of corrupted files, users ____ the files by copying the backed up files to their original location on a computer. | restore
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| Information ____ refers to the right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them. | privacy
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| nternet advertising firms often use ____ to collect information about users Web browsing habits. | spyware
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| Many businesses use ____ to limit employees’ Web access. | content filtering
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| One approach to content filtering is through a rating system of ____, which is similar to those used for movies and videos. | icra
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| One of the more common causes of ____ is an electrical power variation. | system failure
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| One type of spyware, called a(n) ____, is hidden on Web pages or in e-mail messages in the form of graphical images. | web bug
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| Personal computers, display devices, and printers should comply with guidelines of the ____ program. | energy star
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| Software ____ is the unauthorized and illegal duplication of copyrighted software. | piracy
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| Software ____ occurs when someone steals software media, intentionally erases software programs, or illegally copies a software program. | theft
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| Some perpetrators use a technique called ____ in which they attempt to connect to wireless networks via their notebook computers while driving a vehicle through areas they suspect have a wireless network. | war driving
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| Symptoms of a user with computer _________ include craving computer time, inability to stop computer activity, and neglecting of family and friends. | addiction
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| The 1986 ____ provides the same protection that covers mail and telephone communications to electronic communications such as voice mail. | Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)
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| The 1988 ____ regulates the use of government data to determine the eligibility of individuals for federal benefits. | Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act
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| To ____ a file means to make a copy of it. | back up
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| To prevent ___________, take all of the following precautions: place a wrist rest between the keyboard and the edge of the desk, place the mouse at least six inches from the edge of the desk and minimize the number of switches between the mouse and the ke | repetitive strain injury
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| To read encrypted data, the recipient must ____, or decipher, it into a readable form. | decrypt
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| Users can purchase a software program that selectively ____ cookies. | blocks
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| Users may have ____ if they have sore, tired, burning, itching or dry eyes | blurred or double vision
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| Web ____ software is a program that restricts access to specified Web sites. | filtering
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| Web sites use a ____ to keep track of items in a user’s shopping cart. | session cookie
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| When a mobile user connects to a main office using a standard Internet connection, a ____ provides the mobile user with a secure connection to the company network server. | VPN or virtual private network
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| With a three-generation backup policy, the child is the ____. | most recent copy of the file
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| With a three-generation backup policy, the grandparent is the ____. | oldest
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| With a three-generation backup policy, the parent is the ____. | second oldest copy of the file
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| With a(n) ____, users choose which folders and files to include in a backup. | selective
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| ___ detection software automatically analyzes all network traffic, assesses system vulnerabilities, identifies any unauthorized access (intrusions), and notifies a network administrator of suspicious behavior patterns or system breaches. | intrusion
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| ____ is a program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge. | spyware
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| ____ is a scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking e-mail that attempts to obtain a user’s personal and financial information. | phishing
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| ____ is a technique intruders use to make their network or Internet transmission appear legitimate to a victim computer or network. | spoofing
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| ___ is an applied science devoted to incorporating comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of items in the workplace. | ergonomics
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| ___ is any unwanted signal, usually varying quickly, that is mixed with the normal voltage entering a computer. | noise
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| ____ is/are not considered spyware because a user knows it/they exist(s). | cookies
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| ____ means in a location separate from the computer site. | off-site
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| ____ occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information. | information theft
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| ___ use is the use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities. | unauthorized
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| ____ rights are the rights to which creators are entitled for their work. | intellectual property
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| ____, which allows users to choose an encryption scheme that passes between a client and a server, requires that both the client and server have digital certificates. | s-http or secure http
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| __, which provides encryption of all data that passes between a client and an Internet server, requires only that the client has a digital certificate | Transport Layer Security (TLS)
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