McCahon industry vocab
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| Agglomeration economics | the savings to an individual enterprise derived from locational association with a cluster of other similar economic activites, such as other factories or retail stores.
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| Carrier Efficiency | the ratio of output to input for a given carrier.
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| Entrepot | a trading center,or simply a warehouse, where merchandise can be imported and exported without paying important duties , often at a profit.
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| Maquiladora | factories built by US companies in Mexico near the US porder to take advantage of much lower labor costs.
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| Ozone Depletion | a slow, steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (ozone layer) since the late 1970s, and a much larger, but seasonal, decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth's polar regions during the same period.
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| Topocide | the deliberate killing of a place through industrial expansion and change, so that its earlier landscape and character are destroyed.
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| World cities | cities most closely integrated into the global economic system because they are in the center of the flow of information and capital.
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| Cumuitative causation | the spiral buildup of advantages that occurs in specific geographic settings as a result of the development of external economies, agglomeration effects, and localization economies.
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| Deglomeration | the process of industrial deconcentration in response to technological advances and/or increasing costs due to congestion and competition.
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| Heartland Rimland | Nicholas Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provided the base for world conquest.
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| Major manufacturing regions | Eastern United States, Mexico, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and East Asia. These regions are hte leaders in inudstry and therefore significant to geography.
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| NAFTA | an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years. North American Free Trade Agreement.
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| Fixed Costs | are business expenses that are not dependent on the activities of the business They tend to be time-related, such as salaries or rents being paid per month. This is in contrast to variable costs, which are volume-related (and are paid per quantity).
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| Threshold Range | central place theory) - the maximum/minimum market possible/needed to support the supply of a product or service.
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| Transnational Corporation | (TNC) - a company that conducts research, oparates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located.
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| Variable costs | a cost of enterprise and operation that varies either by output level or by location of the activity.
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| Ecotourism | tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature.
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| Aluminum industry | aluminum business: manufacturers of aluminum considered as a group.
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| Bid Rent theory | is a geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand for real estate changes as the distance from the Central Business District (CBD) decreases.
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| Industrial Revolution | a period from the 18th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spreading throughout Europe.
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