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SLD11

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Term
Definition
prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders   1 in 80 to 1 in 240, 1 in 110 average for US  
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Autism was first identified by ___ _____ in _____ as _____ ______ _____. Originally considered to be an __________ _________.   Leo Kanner, 1943, Early Infantile Autism, emotional disturbance  
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___ _______ described ____ ______ in 1944. (autism)   Hans Asperger, autistic psychopathy  
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50's & 60's Freudian theory relating to Autism   though to be psychological, resulting from lack of parental bonding. "Refrigerator Mothers"  
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In 1978, ________ identified autism as a _____ ______ _______.   Churchill, central language disorder  
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Autism Specturm Disorders include   autism, Asperger's Syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder  
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Childhood Disintegrative Disorder   a seemingly normally developing child loses language, motoric skills, and developmental skills all in a few months for unexplained reasons.  
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Autism is usually diagnosed prior to age __.   3  
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children with autism spectrum disorders show deficits in (3)   social/emotional interaction, language & communication, repetitive behaviors & restricted interests  
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Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 1   Clinically significant, persistent deficits in social comm. & interactions: deficits in non-v and v comm. used for social int. (lack of social reciprocity, failure to develop and maintain peer rel. appropriate to dev. level  
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Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 2   Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activites (at least 2 of following): stereotyped motor or verbal behaviors or unusual sensory behaviors, excessive adherence to routines and ritualized behavior, restricted, fixated interests  
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Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 3   Symptoms must be present in early childhood (may not be fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities)  
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Autism Spectrum Disorders: warning signs (just name a few)   not respond to their name by 12 m., not point at objects/show interest by 14 m., not play pretend by 18 m., avoid eye contact & want to be alone, diff. understanding feelings, delayed sp/lang, echolalia, upset by minor change, steretyped beh.  
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ToM testing (2 tests)   False Belief tests (e.g., Sally-Anne) & Appearance Reality tests (e.g., Smarties)  
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__% of children with ASD fail ToM tests   80  
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Typically developing children pass ToM tests at age _______   4-5  
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Language Profile of C with ASD: Range of deficits with expressive and receptive lang   WNL, Nonverbal, or Echolalia  
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Language Profile of C with ASD: Prosody and facial expressions   NOT flat and monotonous, inappropriately expressive  
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Language Profile of C with ASD: Pragmatics   lack of turn taking (obsessive topics), ToM deficits  
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Behavioral Profile of C with ASD   self-isolation, more limited peer relations/friendships, tantrums or meltdowns with sensory overload, rigid adherence to routines  
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ASD Intervention: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)   (Lovass Method) Discrete trial teaching, very fast-paced, behavioral principles: prompting, reinforcement, shaping, generalization, etc.  
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ASD Intervention: Floortime   Observation, open communication circle; follow child's lead, EXPAND toward greater mastery of social, emotional, and intellectual capacities  
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ASD Intervention: Social-Pragmatics groups   use of scripts, social stories, theatre, etc.  
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ASD Intervention: Social Thinking   understand relevance of behavior, understand how others perceive them, social decision making, geared toward higher level functioning  
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