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Autism
SLD11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders | 1 in 80 to 1 in 240, 1 in 110 average for US |
| Autism was first identified by ___ _____ in _____ as _____ ______ _____. Originally considered to be an __________ _________. | Leo Kanner, 1943, Early Infantile Autism, emotional disturbance |
| ___ _______ described ____ ______ in 1944. (autism) | Hans Asperger, autistic psychopathy |
| 50's & 60's Freudian theory relating to Autism | though to be psychological, resulting from lack of parental bonding. "Refrigerator Mothers" |
| In 1978, ________ identified autism as a _____ ______ _______. | Churchill, central language disorder |
| Autism Specturm Disorders include | autism, Asperger's Syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder |
| Childhood Disintegrative Disorder | a seemingly normally developing child loses language, motoric skills, and developmental skills all in a few months for unexplained reasons. |
| Autism is usually diagnosed prior to age __. | 3 |
| children with autism spectrum disorders show deficits in (3) | social/emotional interaction, language & communication, repetitive behaviors & restricted interests |
| Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 1 | Clinically significant, persistent deficits in social comm. & interactions: deficits in non-v and v comm. used for social int. (lack of social reciprocity, failure to develop and maintain peer rel. appropriate to dev. level |
| Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 2 | Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activites (at least 2 of following): stereotyped motor or verbal behaviors or unusual sensory behaviors, excessive adherence to routines and ritualized behavior, restricted, fixated interests |
| Autism Spectrum Disorders: Proposed DSMV 3 | Symptoms must be present in early childhood (may not be fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities) |
| Autism Spectrum Disorders: warning signs (just name a few) | not respond to their name by 12 m., not point at objects/show interest by 14 m., not play pretend by 18 m., avoid eye contact & want to be alone, diff. understanding feelings, delayed sp/lang, echolalia, upset by minor change, steretyped beh. |
| ToM testing (2 tests) | False Belief tests (e.g., Sally-Anne) & Appearance Reality tests (e.g., Smarties) |
| __% of children with ASD fail ToM tests | 80 |
| Typically developing children pass ToM tests at age _______ | 4-5 |
| Language Profile of C with ASD: Range of deficits with expressive and receptive lang | WNL, Nonverbal, or Echolalia |
| Language Profile of C with ASD: Prosody and facial expressions | NOT flat and monotonous, inappropriately expressive |
| Language Profile of C with ASD: Pragmatics | lack of turn taking (obsessive topics), ToM deficits |
| Behavioral Profile of C with ASD | self-isolation, more limited peer relations/friendships, tantrums or meltdowns with sensory overload, rigid adherence to routines |
| ASD Intervention: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) | (Lovass Method) Discrete trial teaching, very fast-paced, behavioral principles: prompting, reinforcement, shaping, generalization, etc. |
| ASD Intervention: Floortime | Observation, open communication circle; follow child's lead, EXPAND toward greater mastery of social, emotional, and intellectual capacities |
| ASD Intervention: Social-Pragmatics groups | use of scripts, social stories, theatre, etc. |
| ASD Intervention: Social Thinking | understand relevance of behavior, understand how others perceive them, social decision making, geared toward higher level functioning |
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100000299709410
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