CHAPTER 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Level 1 Cache (L1 Cache) | memory on the processor die
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| Level 2 Cache (L2 Cache) | memory in the processor package, but not the processor die
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| Level 3 Cache (L3 Cache) | a cache farther from the processor core, but still in the processor package
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| Hyper-Threading (Intel) | (Intel) allow each logical processor within the processor package to handle an individual thread in parallel with other threads being handled by other processors within the package
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| HyperTransport | (AMD) allow each logical processor within the processor package to handle an individual thread in parallel with other threads being handled by other processors within the package
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| front-side bus (FSB) | it connects the front side of the processor that faces the outside world
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| internal bus | inside the processor uses the processor housing, data, instructions, addresses, and control signal
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| back-side bus | the portion of the internal bus that connects the processor to the internal memory cache
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| Processor frequency | the speed at which the processor operates internally
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| multiplier | a factor that determines processor frequency
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| overclocking | running a motherboard or processor at a higher speed than the manufacturer suggests
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| multiprocessor platform | a method of improving performance is installing more than one processor on a motherboard
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| multi-core processing | the processor housing contains two or more cores that operate at the same frequency, but independently of each other
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| dual core | has two cores and can support up to four instructions
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| triple core | has three cores and can support up to six instructions
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| quad core | has four cores and can support up to eight instrcutions
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| octo core | has eight cores and can support up to sixteen instructions
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| memory cache | holds data and instructions that the memory controller anticipates the processor will need next
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| dynamic RAM (DRAM) | RAM stored in the memory modules (DIMMS) on the motherboard
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| static RAM (SRAM) | memory in a memory cache
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| microcode | groups of instructions that accomplish fundamental operations, such as comparing or adding two numbers, are permanently built into the processor chip
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| MMX (Multimedia Extensions) | the first technology to support repetitive lopping, whereby the processor receives an instruction and then applies it to a stream of data that follows
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| SSE (Streaming SIMD Extension) | "single instruction, multiple data" it allows the CPU to relieve a single instruction and than execute it on multiple pieces of data
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| 3DNow! | an AMD processor instruction set designed to improve performance with 3D Graphics and other multimedia data
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| SSE2 | has a larger instruction set than SSE,
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| SSE3 | improves on SSE2
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| SSE4 | improves on SSE3
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| PowerNow! | by AMD increases performance and lowers power requirements
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| Cool'N'Quiet | by AMD lowers power requirements and helps keep a system quiet
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| Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology (EIST) | by Intel steps down processor frequency when the processor is idle to conserve power and lower heat
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| Executable Disable Bit | by Intel is a security feature that prevents software from executing or reproducing itself it appears to be malicious
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| Centrino | an Intel processor, chip-set, and wireless network adapter are all interconnected as a unit, which improves laptop performance
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| thermal compound | placed between the bottom of the cooler heatsink and the top of the processor
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| case fan | a fan that helps draw air out of the case
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| cooler | sits on top of the processor and consists of a fan and a heat sink
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| heat sink | fins that draw heat away from the processor
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| liquid cooling systems | a small pump sits inside the case and tubes move other liquid around components and than away from them to a place where fans can cool the liquid
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| Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) | the current set of standards that is used by BIOS, hardware, and the OS manage power
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| S1 State | the hard drive and monitor, and processor are turned off and everything else runs normally
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| S2 State | the hard drive, monitor, and processor are turned off, also called standby or sleep mode
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| S3 State | everything is shut down except RAM and enough of the system to respond to a wake up call such as pressing the keyboard or moving the mouse. also called sleep mode, suspend mode, standby mode, or suspend to RAM
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| S4 State | is called hibernation, in hibernation, everything in RAM is copied to a file on the hard drive and then the system shuts down, when a power button is pressed, the system does not have to go through the slow boot process.
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| P State | save power by lowering the CPU frequency and voltage
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| C State | used by the processor to stop its internal operations to conserve power
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| chassis air guide (CAG) | a round air duct that helps pull and direct fresh air from outside the case to the cooler and the processor
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
rnovalski62
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