IT Cisco Midterm
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Motherboard | -Main printed circuit board
-Contains buses, or electrical pathways found in a computer. Buses allow data to travel among the various components.
-CPU, RAM, expansion slots, heat sink/fan assembly/ BIOS chip, chip set, internal and external connectors
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| Motherboard form factors | -AT - Advanced Tech.
-ATX - Advanced Technology Extended
-Mini-ATX - Smaller footprint of ATX
-Micro-ATX - Smaller footprint of ATX
-LPX - Low-Profile Extended
-NLX - New Low-profile Extended
-BTX - Balanced Technology Extended
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| CPU | -Brain of Comp.
-Executes program
2 CPU architectures
-Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
-Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)
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| Cooling Systems | -Case fan = Makes cooling more efficient (Can be dedicated to Graphics-Processing-Unit(GPU)
-Heat Sink = Draws heat away from the core of the CPU
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| ROM | -Read-only Memory
-Contains basic instructions for booting comp. & loading operating system
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| RAM | -Random-access memory (RAM)
-Temp. storage for data and programs that are being accessed by the CPU
-Ram is volatile memory (Which means that the contents are erased when the computer is powered off)
-More RAM means more capacity to process programs
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| Adapter Cards | Adapter cards increase the functionality of a computer by adding controllers for specific devices or by replacing malfunctioning ports.
-Examples=Sound/Video Adapter,USB
-Types=Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI),Advanced Graphics Port AGP,PCI-Expre
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| Hard Drives/Floppy Drives | -Read/Write info. to magnetic storage media
-Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Magnetic storage devices. (Uses GB)
-Solid State Drives(SDDs)-Faster w/out moving parts
Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) - Uses removable 3.5 inch floppy disks that can store up to 1.44 of da
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| Optical Drive | -Storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media.
-CD, DVD, & BD
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| Flash Drive | -Removable storage device
-Connects to USB Port
-No power needed to maintain data
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| Common Drive Interfaces | -Intergrated Drive Electrionics (IDE)
-Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics (EIDE)
-Paralle ATA (PATA)
-Serial ATA (SATA) & External Sata (eSATA)
-Small Computer System Interface (SCSI
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| External Bays | -Drives in external bays allow access to the media without opening the case
-Optical Drive, FDD
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| NIC's | -enables a computer to connect to a network
-Uses PCI and PCIe expansion slots on the motherboard
WIRELESS NIC
-enables a comp.
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| Booting Comp. for First Time | Basic input.output system (BIOS) will perform a power-on self test (POST) to check on all internal components (Beep code if an error occurs during hardware check)
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| BIOS | -Contains a setup program used to configure settings for hardware devices. The configuration data is saved to a special memory chip called a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)
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| Trouble Shooting Process | -Identify problem
-Establish a theory
-Determine an Exact Cause
-Implement a Solution
-Verify Solution and Full System Functionality
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| Operating System | -Controls almost all functions on a computer.
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| Command Line Interface (CLI) | -User types commands at prompt
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| Graphical User Interface (GUI) | -User interacts with menu's and icons
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| CPU Modes (1) (XP) | REAL MODE
-CPU that operates in real mode can only execute on program at a time, and it can only address 1 MB of system memory at a time. In real mode, when an application creates an error, the entire comp. can be affected because direct access to memory
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| CPU Modes (2) | PROTECTED MODE
-Access to all of the memory in the comp, including virtual memory. App's are protected from using the memory reserved for another app. that is running
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| Desktop Operating System | -Supports single user
-Runs single-user app's
-Shares files and folders
-Shares peripherals
-Used on small network
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| Network Operating System | -Supports multiple users
-Runs Multi-user app's
-Provides increased security
-Used on a network
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| Boot Sequence for Windows XP (1) | -POST
-POST for each adapter card that has a BIOS
-BIOS reads the master boot record (MBR)
-MDR takes over control of boot process and starts NT Loader (NTLDR)
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| Boot Sequence for Windows XP (2) | -NTLDR reads the BOOT.INI file to know which OS to load and where to find the OS on the boot partition
-NTLDR uses NTDETECT.COM to detect any installed hardware
-NTLDR loads the NTOSKRNL.EXE file and HAL.DLL
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| Boot Sequence for Windows XP (3) | -NTLDR reads the registry files and loads device drivers
-NTOSKRNL.EXE starts the WINLOGON.EXE program and displays the Windows Login Screen
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| Registry File HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT | Info. about which files extensions map to a particular application
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| Registry File HKEY_CURRENT_USER | Info., such as desktop settings and history, related to the current user of a PC
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| Registry File HKEY_USERS | Info. about all users who have logged onto a system
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| Registry File HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE | Info. relating to the hardware and software
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| Registry File HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG | Info. relating to all the active devices on a system
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| NTFS | -Supports more files than FAT32, and provides more flexible security features for folders, files, and sizes
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| FAT3 | -Where files need to be accessed by multiple versions of Windows. FAT32 is not as secure as NTFS
-Partitions can be converted from the FAT32 to NTFS using the CONVERT.EXE utility, but not in the reverse direction
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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Created by:
Shmeat
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