Certified Ethical Hacker Terms & Definitions - K, L, M, N, O & P - info tech
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| An authentication protocol that uses tickets, Ticket Granting Service and a Key Distribution Center. Developed at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). | show 🗑
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| show | KEP (Key Exchange Protocol)
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| show | Keylogger
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| show | LIFO (Last in First Out)
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| show | Level I Assessment
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| show | Level II Assessment
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| show | Level III Assessment
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| show | Limits of Liability
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| show | LAN (Local Area Network)
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| A piece of malicious code inserted into a software system that will perform a malicious function when the specified conditions are met at some future point. | show 🗑
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| A method of only permitting preapproved MAC addresses to access the network. All non-matching MAC addresses are blocked. | show 🗑
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| show | Macro Virus
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| show | Malicious Code (or Malware)
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| An attack where the hacker positions himself between the client and the server in order to intercept data traveling between the two. | show 🗑
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| show | Mandatory Access Control
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| show | Mantrap
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| A hashing algorithm that results in a 128-bit output. | show 🗑
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| This sublayer of Layer 2 (Data Link) OSI reference model, emulates a full duplex logical communication channel in a multi-point network. | show 🗑
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| show | Methodology
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| A computer virus that infects and spreads in multiple ways. | show 🗑
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| show | MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)
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| show | National Security Agency INFOSEC Assessment Methodology
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| A free, open source version of the Berkeley Software Distribution of Unix, often used in embedded systems. | show 🗑
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| A software program for remotely controlling a Microsoft Windows computer system over a network. Generally considered malware. | show 🗑
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| A Device providing temporary, on-demand, point-to-point network access to users. | show 🗑
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| The process of modifying IP packet headers while in transit across a traffic routing device. Provides one-to-one translation of IP addresses. | show 🗑
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| show | NetBIOS
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| An adapter that provides the physical connection to send and receive data between the computer and the network media. | show 🗑
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| One or more locations from which control is exercised over a computer or telecommunications network. | show 🗑
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| show | Network Tap
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| A device on a network. | show 🗑
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| show | Non-Repudiation
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| show | NOP (nope sled)
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| A commond-line tool available for many operating systems for querying of the Domain Name System (DNS) to obtain domain name or IP address records. | show 🗑
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| The default network authentication suite of protocols for Windows NT 4.0. It is considered insecure and was replaced by NTLMv2. | show 🗑
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| An anonymous connection to an administrative share (IPC$) on a Windows machine. This session can allow for enumeration of a Windows machine, among other attacks. | show 🗑
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| show | Open Source
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| A network architecture framework, Developed by the ISO. It describes the communications process between two systems across the Internet. | show 🗑
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| show | Operating System Attack
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| Transmission using channels or frequencies outside those normally used for data transfer: often used for error reporting. | show 🗑
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| show | Overt Channel
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| show | Packet
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| Controlling access to a network by analyzing the headers of incoming and outgoing packets. Packets will be discarded or allowed to pass through based on rule sets enacted by a network administrator. | show 🗑
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| A utility that uses an ICMP Echo message to determine if a specific IP address is accessible. If the message receives a reply, the address is reachable. | show 🗑
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| An attack where the hacker manipulates parameters within a URL string in hopes of modifying data. | show 🗑
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| show | Passive Attack
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| This simple PPP authentication method sends clear text username and passwords to verify against a table listing the authoized users. | show 🗑
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| show | Patch
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| show | Payload
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| The method of evaluating the security of a computer system or network by simulating an attack from a malicious source. | show 🗑
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| The use of deceptive computer-based means to trick individuals into disclosing sensitive personal information -- usually via a carefully crafted email message. | show 🗑
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| Security measures, such as a locked door, perimeter fence, or security guards. Used to prevent or deter physical access to facilities and physical media. | show 🗑
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| When an authorized person allows someone to pass through a secure door behind them without using an access card, pin or biometrics, thereby bypassing physical security measures. | show 🗑
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| show | Ping Sweep
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| A virus that changes each time it runs. It uses a _____ engine to change the code but keeps the function intact. | show 🗑
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| Provides router-to-router or host-to-network connections over asynchronous and synchronous circuits. | show 🗑
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| show | PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
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| show | GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation)
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| A technology where multiple internal IP addresses on a network are hidden behind one advertised Public IP address. A many-to-one NAT. | show 🗑
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| show | Port Scanning
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| show | Port Knocking
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| Directing a protocol from one port to another port. | show 🗑
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| An HTTP command to transmit text to a web server for processing. The opposite of an HTTP GET command. | show 🗑
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| show | POP3 (Post Office Protocol)
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| show | Presentation Layer
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| A data encryption/decryption program often used for e-mail and file storage. | show 🗑
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| show | Private Key
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| show | Private Network Address
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| The configuration of a network card that makes the card pass all traffic it receives to the CPU. Windows uses WinPcap. Linux uses libcap. | show 🗑
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| A formal set of rules describing data transmission, especially across a network. It will determin the type of error checking, data compression methods and how systems will indicate completion of send and receipt. | show 🗑
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| A set of related communications protocols operating together as a group. Think OSI Reference model. | show 🗑
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| A device set up to send a response on behalf of an end node to the requesting host. Generally used to hide the host from the Internet. | show 🗑
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| The shared key in an asymmetric key pair. Typically used to encrypt data or verify signatures. | show 🗑
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| A set of hardware, software, people, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates. | show 🗑
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