From DNA to Proteins
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | Bacteriophage
🗑
|
||||
| The small units that make up DNA | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Double helix
🗑
|
||||
| show | Adenine (A)
🗑
|
||||
| In DNA, cytosine (C) pairs with | show 🗑
|
||||
| In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cytosine(C)
🗑
|
||||
| show | base pairing rules
🗑
|
||||
| The process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | DNA polymerases
🗑
|
||||
| show | central dogma
🗑
|
||||
| ribonucleic acid | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | RNA
🗑
|
||||
| The process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complementary strand of RNA | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | RNA polymerases
🗑
|
||||
| very large enzymes composed of many proteins that play a variety of roles in the transcription process | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Messenger RNA (mRNA)
🗑
|
||||
| Forms part of ribosomes, a cell's protein factories | show 🗑
|
||||
| Brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein | show 🗑
|
||||
| The process that converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide | show 🗑
|
||||
| Three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Stop codons
🗑
|
||||
| One _____ signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Anticodon
🗑
|
||||
| DNA segment that allows a gene to be transcribed | show 🗑
|
||||
| Helps RNA polymerase find where a gene starts | show 🗑
|
||||
| DNA segment that turns a gene "on" or "off"; interacts with proteins that increase the rate of transcription or block transcription from occurring | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Operon
🗑
|
||||
| In eukaryotes; nucleotide segments that code for parts of the protein | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Introns
🗑
|
||||
| Change in an organism's DNA | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mutation in which one nucleotide is substituted for another | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Frameshift mutation
🗑
|
||||
| Agents in the environment that can change DNA by speeding up the rate of replication errors and, in some cases, even breaking DNA strands | show 🗑
|
||||
| Two people that figure out the DNA structure using models | show 🗑
|
||||
| Found out that pneumonia bacteria could be transformed by some substance | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hershey and Chase
🗑
|
||||
| show | Avery
🗑
|
||||
| These two people used X-ray crystallography to help figure out the structure of DNA | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Sugar and phosphate
🗑
|
||||
| show | Nitrogen bases
🗑
|
||||
| Type of bonds holding nucleotide bases together | show 🗑
|
||||
| Enzyme that splits DNA strand down the middle | show 🗑
|
||||
| 2 strands (DNA or RNA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| 1 strand (DNA or RNA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| In RNA, Adenine (U) pairs with | show 🗑
|
||||
| Deoxyribonucleic acid | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ribonucleic acid | show 🗑
|
||||
| Gene expression is controlled in prokaryotes and eukaryotes mainly at ________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| Gene expression controlled from many points | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Prokaryotes
🗑
|
||||
| show | sulfur; phosphorous
🗑
|
||||
| DNA contains _______ but no _______ | show 🗑
|
||||
| Identified DNA in the nucleus of the cell in 1870 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Chromosomes are made of _____ and ________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| Why did scientists think protein was the cell's hereditary material? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | It's in the nucleus and had no other known uses
🗑
|
||||
| show | DNA unzips
🗑
|
||||
| show | Code copied onto mRNA
🗑
|
||||
| 3rd step of transcription | show 🗑
|
||||
| How are transcription and replication similar? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | RNA
🗑
|
||||
| show | 2 identical strands of DNA
🗑
|
||||
| Why is gene expression regulated in prokaryotic cells? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Transcription
🗑
|
||||
| show | Different sets of genes are expressed in different types of cells
🗑
|
||||
| show | They help RNA polymerase know where a gene starts
🗑
|
||||
| What is a TATA box? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A gene that controls the expression of other genes
🗑
|
||||
| Which type of mutation affects more genes, a gene mutation or a chromosomal mutation? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A piece of one chromosome moves to a nonhomologous chromosome
🗑
|
||||
| show | During crossing over, if the chromosomes do not align the segments may differ in size, and one chromosome may have two copies of a gene
🗑
|
||||
| For a mutation to be passed to offspring, in what type of cell must it occur? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | No
🗑
|
||||
| show | It can cause neighboring thymine nucleotides to break their hydrogen bonds to adenine and bond with each other instead
🗑
|
||||
| show | Double
🗑
|
||||
| show | Single
🗑
|
||||
| show | Nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| When is DNA replicated during the cell cycle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | To assure that every cell has a complete set of identical genetic information
🗑
|
||||
| A pattern (a single DNA strand can serve as one for a new strand) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Separating DNA strands, holding strands apart while they serve as templates, and bonding new nucleotides together.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Hydrogen bonds
🗑
|
||||
| Why is DNA replication called semiconservative? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Origins of replication
🗑
|
||||
| show | Proofreading
🗑
|
||||
| What actually does the work of replicating the DNA molecule? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | DNA unzips in opposite directions
🗑
|
||||
| Where does DNA begin to come apart when it begins to replicate? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | DNA polymerase
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pyrimidine
🗑
|
||||
| Purines | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | T and c
🗑
|
||||
| show | DNA polymerase
🗑
|
||||
| DNA replicates at _____ points along the entire length of the DNA molecule. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Meselsohn and Stahl
🗑
|
||||
| A disease caused by a point mutation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cystic fibrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Mutations can add_____ to a population particularly in single-celled organisms | show 🗑
|
||||
| Most non-adaptive mutations are removed by __________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| How mutations change phenotypes: May cause premature _____________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| How mutations change phenotype: May change ________ shape | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Regulation
🗑
|
||||
| Mutations may not affect phenotypes: May be silent, particularly if in ___ position of triplet code | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mutations may not change phenotypes: May occur in _________ region | show 🗑
|
||||
| Mutations may not change phenotypes: May not affect protein ________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Transcription
🗑
|
||||
| Genes for a related process are grouped together with a _______ that allows the genes to be "turned on or off" | show 🗑
|
||||
| A section of the DNA called an ________ actually turns the genes on and off. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Gene expression in ________ is more complicated due to specialized cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Operons
🗑
|
||||
| show | RNA polymerase
🗑
|
||||
| Translation occurs in | show 🗑
|
||||
| Transcription occurs in | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Amino acids are bonded together by _______ bonds | show 🗑
|
||||
| Base pairs proved by | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
100003242820882
Popular Biology sets