Misc information
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| Gross Domestic Product | value of goods produced inside a country's borders by both domestic and foreign companies
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| Federal Budget Deficit/Surplus | the difference between US government revenues and expenses in a given year
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| FED's Tools | Open Market Operations, Discount Rate, Reserve Requirement, Public Relations
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| FOMC | Federal Open Market Committee: principle policy-making group of the Federal Reserve
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| Charters of Commercial Banks | 1/3 charted by Federal Government(national banks), 2/3 charted by states (state banks)
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| Hostile Takeover | an unfriendly attempt to buy or merge a company against it's will
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| Industry Sectors | Services(82%) and Goods(18%) Producing industries
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| Acquisition | the purchase of an entire company or part of a company by another
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| Leveraged Buyout | individual or group borrows money to buy a company, uses assets of the company as collateral for the loan
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| EDGE Act Corporation | a corporation chartered by the Federal Reserve to engage in international banking operations
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| Leading Economic Indicators | used to predict econ. conditions 8-9 months in the future...avg. workweek, stock prices, money supply, credit, etc...
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| Privatization | sale or transfer of management of government-owned businesses to private owners
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| Profit | "the bottom line"--all revenues minus all expenses and taxes
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| Competition | Businesses competing with each other for the consumer's dollar-usually a benefit to the consumer
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| Fiscal Policy | Deals with the revenue and expenses of the government(taxing and spending)
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| Monetary Policy | the Federal Reserve's use of several key tooks to sustain economic activity at an optimum level--to avoid inflation and recession
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| Multiplier Effect | snowballing impact of a change in one economic variable on a whole series of related economic factors
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| Circular Flow of Money | The continuous exchange of goods and services for money
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| Supply and Demand | How much of a product is produced depends on how much is wanted and at what price-as prices go down, the consumer will buy more, and as prices go up, consumers will buy less.
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| Microeconomics | the study of individual units within an economy: departments, companies, etc..
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| Macroeconomics | study of a nations economy as a whole
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| Golden Hello | a generous package of money and benefits offered to new employees upon signing
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| Small Business Admin. | the principal government agency concerned with small US companies
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| Tender Offer | a proposal to buy controlling interest through of purchase of stock at well above market price
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| Proxy Fight | a battle between management and an outside group for shareholders' voting support
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| Poison Pill | an action by management to increase the number of outstanding shares of stock by allowing shareholdesr to buy addition shares below market value This makes the takeover more expensive.
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| Shark Repellant | a takeover deterrent which makes the takeover subject to approval by a large majority of shareholders
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| White Knight | a friendly takeover whereby the acqurired firm remains independent and the exisiting managerial sturcture remains in place
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| Golden Parachute | a nifty severance package of money and befefits to executives affected by a corporate reorganization
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| Golden Handcuffs | granting stock options of other incentives to encourage employees to resist tempting offers for employment elsewhere
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| National Debt | cumulative total of all past deficits that have not been paid off...currently around $7.5 trillion
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| Business Plan | the heart of the small business undertaking..addresses the full range of questions regarding the new company. The financial information is the most important part of the business plan.
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| Business Incubators | organizations that assit new firms by providing low-cost facilities to small start-up ventures
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| Business Cycle | Prosperity, Recession, Depression, Recovery--alternating periods of economic growth and contraction
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| FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation:established with the passing of the Glass Steagall Act to protect the consumer and to prevent bank failures. Insures up to $100,000
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| Horizontal Merger | a merger of companies in the same industry
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| Vertical Merger | a merger of companies in related industries
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| Conglomerate Merger | a merger of companies in unrelated industries
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| Deregulation-Monetary Control Act of 1980 | Encouraged greater competition in banking industry through deregulation of financial organizations, extended Fed's control of money supply, Made all commercial banks subject to Fed regulation(created NOW accounts)
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| Real GDP | GDP adjusted for inflation
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| Inflation | (blank)
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| Economic Systems | Capitalism, Socialism, Communism
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| Partnership | a legal association of two or more people as co-owners
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| Questions econ. systems must address | How to use limited resources, or what and how much to produce and by whom, how goods and services should be distributed
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| M1 | Most Liquid, includes NOW-accounts(interest bearing checking accounts)
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| Purpose of Banking System | a network of financial institutions designed to facilitate the movement of money and to assist in implementation of Federal Reserve Policy
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| Joint Venture | two or more firms that share an investment in a foreign company
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| Sole Propriatorship | a business owned by just one person. Most widely used for of business ownership in the united states
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| Pet Projects in US budgeting-pork, pork barrel | attaching riders to bills that are designed maily to gain a political advantage with their constituencies
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| Equilibrium Price | a price which satisfies both the buyer and the seller
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| Entrepeneur | someone who starts their own business
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| Comparative Advantage | a result of productivity of the work force
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| reserve requirement | the % of transaction accounts which depository institutions must keep on hand or at the Federal
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| forms of business ownership | sole proprietorship, partnership, LLC, corporation
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| double taxation | paying corporate taxes on profits and personal taxes by shareholders on dividends, declared from earnings
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| board of directors | elected by shareholders-responsible for governing corporate policy
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| planning | establishing missions and goals
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| theory x | workers are inherently lazy and will avoid work if possible
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| theory y | people like to work, they are inclined to make work interesting and challenging
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| Abraham Maslow | Hierarchy of needs
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| Fredrick W. Taylor | Principles of Scientific Management
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| Fair Labor Standards Board | Minimum wage, 40 hour workweek, and overtime
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| National Labor Relations Board | certifies labor unions..established by the National Labor Relations Act of 1935
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| Job enrichment | (blank)
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| Managment by objectives | MBO: mutual goal setting, performance orientation, focus on goals and objectives
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| job rotation | employees rotate jobs to gain all-around experience
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| chain of command | the flow of authority from top to bottom
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| organizational chart | visual representation of formal structure
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| collective bargaining | formal negotiations between management and labor aimed at producing a contract
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| Mediation | neutral 3rd party offers reccomendations and suggestions but it is voluntary and no authority to force resolutions
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| Featherbedding | union demands that certain jobs be overpopulated--payments for work not performed
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| Arbitration | 3rd party offers suggestions, but it is binding on both sides
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| Grievance Procedure | a formal set of procedures for settling disputes that arise between management and the Union
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| Grapevine | informal communications--rumors
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| Networking | establishing contacts that can help you
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| Delegation | assigning job duties and related authority to subordinates
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| Mentoring | an experienced employee guides a new hire
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| Centralization of Authority | authority and control concentrated at top, little authority dispersed to subordinates
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| Directing | delegating, assisting, guiding
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| Organizing | arranging, developing, establishing, restructuring
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| Job Sharing | two people sharing a single job, each working part of a standard shift
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| Flextime | building a work schedule around 'core hours' established by the company
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| Cafeteria Benefit Plan | employees select from a variety of benefits to find ones that best suit their needs
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| Fringe Benefits | expenditures by employers for various employee programs in excess of wages and salaries
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| Decentralization of Authority | wider dispersal of authority...more subordinates with more responsibilities
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| Scientific Management | improve efficiency in the workplace by having time and motivation studies, determining the best way to do the job, wages tied to output
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| Lockout | refusal by management to allow union members to enter the premises
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| Boycott | refusal to buy a certain company's product
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| Douglas McGregor | developed theory x and theory y
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| Quality of Worklife | QWL: a general philosophy of employee empowerment and participation
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| Formal Organization | structured organization of people, usually in a chart
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| Informal Organization | deals with the interactions of people in the workplace, their attitudes, concerns, and relationships.
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| Wagner Act | legalized collective bargaining, established National Labor Relations Board
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| Norris-LaGuardia Act | Anti-Injunction Act: limited management's use of injunctions to stop union strikes, outlawed 'yellow dog' contracts(YDC force workers to agree not to join unions)
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| Landrum-Griffin Act | union required to make financial disclosures, outlawed 'sweetheart' contracts (deals which didn't serve membership well)
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| Taft-Hartley Act | outlawed 'featherbedding', allowed President to obtain an 80 day injunction if a strike threatens to imperil national safety, specified unfair labor practices
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| Departmentalization | grouping of activities into units within the organization
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| Strategic Planning | (blank)
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| Human Relation Skills | getting along with others, communicating effectively, leads and motivates, earns and gives respect
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| Human Resource Management | covers everything involved in maintaining a competent, motivated, and satisfied work force
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| Human Resource Planning | forecasting the number of employees and the skills required to meet an organization's personnel requirements for some future period.
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| Conceptual Skills | Sees the big picture, sets tone and direction, courageous decision maker
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| Management Pyramid | 3 levels-Supervisory, Middle, and Top. Top is higher execs and handle long range strategy
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| Hierarchy of Objectives | starts with the individual and works up to the company
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| Quality Circles | meetings of small groups to resolve job-related problems
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| Technical Skills | Knowing the details of the job, often a subject matter expert
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| Union Shop | (blank)
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| Labor Union | a group formed primarily to influence employer's decisions about terms and conditions of employment, and to protect the employee's interests.
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| Accountability | responsibilites for activities and results in one's assigned tour of duty
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| Autocratic Management Style | makes decisions alone, intolerant of input from subordinates
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| Hawthorne Effect | employees become more effective because of feeling appreciated--a result of the Hawthorne Studies
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| Human Relations | the way people behave towards each other, especially how employers and managers interact with employees
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| Laissez-faire | (Free Rein)-sets broad objectives, minimal supervision, decisions left to subordinates
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| Line Organization | Establishes a clear line of authority from top to bottom--oldest form of structure
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| MIS | Management Information Systems: The use of computer systems to enhance Management Control and decision making by converting raw data into useful information. tailored for ind. and people are the most important part
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| Levels of Management | (blank)
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| Time Management | being on time, arranging affairs to be the most efficient
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| Henry Ford | invented the assembly line
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| Inventory Management | to have sufficient quantities of raw materials and components on hand to assure efficient production
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| Intensive Distribution | selling your product in every outlet where final customers might reasonably look for it (convenience items)
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| Benchmarking | comparing each of your production processes to those practiced by the best in the field
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| Caveat Emptor | buyer beware
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| Bill of Materials | specifies components needed to manufacture each product
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| Assembly Line | putting parts together piece by piece
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| Advertising Plan | directing a message towards an audience
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| Analytical Process | breaks down raw materials into entirely differnt products
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| Creative Selling | indentify customer needs, offer solutions using skillful proposals
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| Conversion Process (in production) | where inputs are converted to outputs
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| Convenience Item | things that people purchase frequently as needed--intensive distribution (deoderant)
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| Consumer Items | products that people buy, split into 3 groups (convenience, shopping, and specialty)
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| Common Carrier | transportation companies athat perform shipping services for compensation for the general public
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| Distribution Channel | the path that products follow from producer to consumer
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| Exclusive Distrobution | use of very few wholesalers or retailers in a given market
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| Expert Selling | deals w/ speciality items, salesman must have expert knowledge of the product
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| Fixed Position Layout | product stays in one place, workers and equipment come to it
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| Forms of Transportation | railroads, trucks, pipelines, etc..
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| Marketing Research | identifying consumer needs and wants
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| Marketing Mix | a combination of product, price, promotion, and distribution strategies used to market products and services
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| Marketing Concept | Customer is King
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| Marketing | the process of planning and executing the individual and organizational objectives
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| Market | a group of people with the means($), authority and potention to make purchasing decisions
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| Penetration Pricing | introducing a product at a low price
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| Materials Requirement Planning | (blank)
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| Market Segmentation | Dividing the total market into groups with similar characteristics
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| Material Distribution Strategy | all activites involved with moving a product from producer to end user
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| Mass Production | Making uniform products in great quantities
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| Market Share | the percent of the market controlled by a company or product
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| Missionary Selling | visits customers, has follow-up visits, creates goodwill
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| Mechanization | use of machines to improve worker productivity and to streamline production
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| Physical Inventory | actual physical count of items in stock
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| Pull Strategy | promotion is from the manufacturer to the consumer, who will exert pressure on the retailer to carry the product
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| Push Strategy | thrust of promotional effort is through wholesalers and retailers
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| Product Line | a group of related products with use similarities
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| Product Life Cycle | introduction, growth, maturity, decline
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| Price Skimming | introducing a product at an artificially high price
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| Product Mix | all of a firm's product lines
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| Product Strategy | (blank)
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| FOB Shipping Point | buyer pays transportation to carrier, separate from seller's charge
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| FOB Destination | the common carrier bills the transportation to the shipper, shipper recovers by including it in the price to the buyer
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| Specialization | diving work into the simplest components so workers can become highly skilled in a certain area
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| Utility | the satisfaction provided by a product of service. Form, time, place, ownership
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| Total Product Concept | includes the basic offering, as well as a set of image and service features, all of which the potential consumer may consider
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| Telemarketing | selling by telephone
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| Team Selling | inviting customers, assembling a team of experts to answer questions
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| Target Market | a specific group of consumers toward whom a company directs its marketing efforts
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| Strategic Market Planning (SMP) | (blank)
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| Standardization | uniformity in goods or parts, making them interchangeable
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| Speciality Item | high-priced, few outlets. Exclusive distribution (diamond rings)
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| Shopping Item | things that people shop around for and compare prices. Limited # of outlets, selective distribution (women's suits)
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| Selective Distribution | use a limited number of outlets in a given geographic area (shopping items)
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| Personal Selling | person-to-person sales pitch
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| Promotional Strategy | Push or Pull
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| Operations and Production Management (OPM) | manage the entire range of activities involved in producing products that consumers want
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| Production | the use of people and machinery to convert various inputs and raw materials into products
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| Productivity | efficiency, training, downtime, benchmarking
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| Line of Credit | an agreement with a bank to make a certain amount of credit available on an as-need basis
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| Laddering | artificial inflation of stock prices
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| CFO | Chief Financial Officer-carry out the financial mission of the corporation
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| AICPA | American Institute of CPAs
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| Debt Financing | carried out with borrowed money
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| Common Market | maintains a custom union and seeks to have all trade rules among members in agreement
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| Equity Funds | (blank)
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| Dumping | selling products at a lower price abroad than in the domestic market
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| Factoring | selling accounts receivables at a discount to a financial institution known as a factor
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| Public Corporation | owned by stockholders
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| Discount Rate | (blank)
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| Round Lot | 100 stocks, or another set amount
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| Yield | a percent, dividendsd divided by market price
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| Transactions | (blank)
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| Statement of Cash Flows | "where got, where gone"
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| Risk-Return Trade Off | the higher the risk, the higher the return
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| Return of Equity | net income/total owner's equity
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| Retained Earnings | what's left after deductions of expenses
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| Financial Management | needs for and souces of funds
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| Financial Information | (blank)
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| Financial Control | (blank)
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| Financial Manager's Responsibility | (blank)
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| Owner's Equity | value of the company after liabilities are deducted from assets
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| GAAP | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles...the rules of the game
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| Fixed Assets | property, plant, equipment...relatively permanent
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| Financial Plan | (blank)
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| Financial Statements | Balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, statement of retained earnings
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| Double-Entry Bookkeeping | maintaining balance using 2 entries for every transaction
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| CPA | certified public accountant
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| Current Assets | assets which can be converted to cash within a year
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| Current Ratio | current assets divided by current liabilites
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| Assets | everything you own
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| Internal Auditors | appointed by the board of directors
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| Leverage | (blank)
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| Liability | what you owe
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| Liquidity | measurement of ease of converting to cash
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| Auditing | checking the data in the financial statements
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| Balance Sheet | snapshot of the company's financial position at a given time
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| Accounting | developing and providing reliable financial information
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| Income Statement | shows income, expenses, and profit over a period of time
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| Market Order | make the trade at the best price possible at the time the order is received
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| Export-Import Bank of the US | gives low-interest loans to foreign buyers of American products
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| Exports | the value of all the goods and services shipping from the US to foreign countries
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| Imports | the value of all the goods and services shipping into the US from foreign countries
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| Import Quotas | restricts quantity of imports
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| Absolute Advantage | resulting from natural resources
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| Devaluation (of currency) | the term given to a decrease in one country's currency compared to another
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| Exchange Rate | the value of one nation's currency relative to others
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| Foreign Licensing | contract w/ a foreign company to produce and/or distribute its products in a specific geographic area
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| Multination Corporation | companies that have established major operations in several countries
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| Tariffs | a tax on imports
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| Balance of Payments | all of a company's international financial transactions for a particular time period
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| Balance of Trade | the difference between a nation's exports and imports
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| World Bank | provides low interest long-term loans for specific economic development projects to underdeveloped and developing countries
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| World Trade Association | WTO: to assure equitable trade practices among member nations
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| Nasdaq | computerized quotation system
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| Tracking Stock | tracks the performance of a specific business unit
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| Stock Broker | buys and sells securites for clients in the secondary market
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| Short Selling | borrowing stocks in hope price will go down, pay back at a lower price
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| Securities | the collective name given to stocks and bonds
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| Secured Bonds | backed by specific pledges of company assets-first claim on assets
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| Secondary Market | involves the purchase and sale of securites previously bought and sold
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| Primary Market | involves the sale of new securities
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| Preferred Stockholders | paid before common stockholders, more stable, holders have claims in case of a collapse
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| Open Order | leave your order in until you cancel it
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| Margin Trading | investor borrows part of cost from broker
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| Government Securites | least risk
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| Earnings per share | net income/common shares outstanding
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| DOW Jones Industrial Average | 30 blue-chip corps.
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| Dividend | profits distributed to shareholders
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| Debenture | unsecured bonds, backed only by reputation
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| Convertible Bond | can be converted to common stock at bondholder's option
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| Common Stockholders | hold stock and can vote on company issues
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| Capital Gains | (blank)
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| Bull Market | optimistic market
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| Bear Market | pessimistic market
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| Callable Bond | has the option of redeeming the bond prior to maturity date
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| Bond Indenture | details the terms and conditions of agreement between issuer and investor
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| Bond Rating Services | Moodys, Fitch, etc..
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| Bondholders | (blank)
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| Limit Order | you set the price limits for that one day
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| Investment Banker | Underwriter: sells new issues of stocks and bonds in the primary market
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| Insider Trading | people who trade and profit from their access to non-public information
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|
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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