chapters 6 and 7 vocabulary words
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| Articles of Confederation | the nation's first constitution
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| Constitutional Convention | drafted the Constitution of the U.S. Took place in Philidelphia in 1787
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| ratification | the approval of a plan of government or of a constitutional amendment
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| ordinance | a law that sets local regulations
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| Northwest Ordinance | a law passed by Congress in 1787 specifying how western lands would be governed
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| interstate commerce | a trade between states
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| tariffs | import taxes
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| economic depression | a drasic decline in the economy marked by buisness failures and unemployment
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| Constitution of the United States | a document of the plan of government in the U.S.
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| seperation of powers | three part government (judicial, executive, and legislative)
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| checks and balances | a system that limited the power of the branches over each other
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| bicameral legislature | a lawmaking body made up of two houses
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| Electoral College | a body made you of electors from each state who would cast voted to elect the president and vice president
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| Great Compromise | the compromise reached during the Constitutional Convention on representation in Congress, with each state represented equally in the Senate and whith representation in the House based on stat population
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| Federalists | people who supported the Constitution
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| Anti-Federalists | people who preferred a loose association of states with a weaker central government
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| Preamble | first part of Constitution; describes the purpose of the document and the government is creates
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| impeach | charge a person with an offense committed while in office
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| Congress | the legislative branch of the federal government, consisting of the Senate and House of Represenatives
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| elastic cause | the constitutional clause that gives Congress authority to "make all laws which shall be neccessary and proper" to carry out its powers
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| cheif executive | the president and the head of the executive branch
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| federal judiciary | federal court system
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| independent judiciary | a ststem in which judges cannot be removed or have their salaries reduced for making unpopular decisions
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| percedents | court decisions used as guides in deciding similar cases
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| judicial review | the power to review an action of the legislative or executive branch and declare it unconstitutional
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| federalism | the division of power between the federal and state governments
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| delegated powers | a power that the Constitution delegates or grants to Congress and therefore to the national government
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| reserved powers | a power that the Constitution does not delegate to Congress or deny to the states and is therefore reserved to the states or the people
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| concurrent powers | a power that the Constitution delegates to Congress but does not deny to the states
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| supremacy clause | the constitutional clause affirming that the Constitution and federal laws are the supreme law of the land
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| special interest groups | organizations whose members share a specific interest or concern and want to influence policymaking
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