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Anatomy Ch. 3 TEST Review

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Question
Answer
The clear, structure-less gel within a cell   show
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show Transmembrane protein  
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Most cellular membranes are made by this organelle   show
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Cells specialized for adsorption of matter from the ECF are likely to show an abundance of these structures   show
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Membrane carriers resemble enzymes except that carriers do not ___ their ligands   show
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show Kinases  
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Matter can leave a cell by means of a vesicle joining with the membrane and emptying it's contents into the ECF in a process known as   show
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show Osmosis  
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The metabolic functional units of a cell are called   show
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Process of embibing extracellular fluid in which the plasma membrane sinks in and pinches off small vesicles containing droplets of fluid   show
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show T  
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(T/F) Human cells swell or shrink in any solution other than an isotonic one   show
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show T  
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(T/F) A cell's second messenger system serve mainly to transport solutes through the membrane   show
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show T  
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show T  
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show T  
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show T  
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show F  
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show Hydrostatic pressure  
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show Hypertonic  
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Creation of a vesicle at the cell membrane which encloses materials from the ECF which the cell needs is called   show
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The ___ of animal cells is unique because it has it's own DNA and produces it's own ribosomes   show
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show Detoxify  
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show Ligand-gated channel  
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The space enclosed by the unit membrane of the Golgi complex and ER is called the   show
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show Intracellular face  
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The ability of a microscope to reveal detail is referred to as it's   show
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show Glycocalyx  
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show Reverse osmosis  
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Network of protein filaments and cylinders that structurally support a cell, determine it's shape and organize it's contents among other things   show
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show Symport  
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ATP is required in order for this type of transport to occur   show
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Direct transport of solute particles by an ATP using membrane pump   show
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Movement of material without the aid of ATP   show
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Net flow of water through a membrane from high to low concentration   show
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Process of eliminating material from a cell by means of a vesicle fusing with plasma membrane and releasing it's contents   show
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Transport of solute particles by a carrier that does not in itself use ATP but depends on a concentration gradient produced by using ATP at an earlier point   show
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show Countertransport  
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show Cotransport  
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show Endocytosis  
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Region inside the cell membrane   show
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Difference in concentration between one point and another   show
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The nuclear envelope is perforated with ___ which allow certain molecular traffic through the membrane   show
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show Cristae  
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show Autophagy  
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show Flagella  
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show Cilia  
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Unpaired centrioles at the base of cilium or flagellum that act like an anchor   show
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Scientific study of cells born when Robert Hooke observed the empty cell walls of a cork and coined the term "Cell"   show
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Theory that living things arise from nothing; disproven   show
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The study of chemistry as it relates to biological molecules   show
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All organisms are composed of cells; cell is the simplest structural/functional unit of life; cells come from only preexisting cells; all cells have fundamental similarities   show
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show Squamous  
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show Cuboidal  
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show Columnar  
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show Polygonal  
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Nerve cells are this cell shape   show
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show Spherical  
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Red blood cells are this cell shape   show
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Long, slender, and threadlike cells   show
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show Fusiform cells  
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show Micrometer  
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As a cell doubles in diameter, its ___ increases eightfold but the membrane only increases fourfold   show
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show Transmission electron microscope  
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Produces dramatic three-dimensional images at high magnification and resolution but can see only surface features   show
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Made of proteins and lipids; surrounds the cellular material   show
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All body fluids not contained in the cells are collectively called the __   show
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Cytosol is also referred to as the ___   show
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Most of the plasma membrane is composed of ___, specialized lipids   show
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Most of the weight of the plasma membrane is contributed by ___   show
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show Amphiphilic  
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show Cholesterol  
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Proteins which penetrate into the bilayer or all the way through it   show
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show Transmembrane proteins  
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show Peripheral  
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__ are specific for one particular chemical messenger, like an enzyme, and when they come in contact the protein signals a change within the cell   show
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When a messenger binds to a surface receptor, it may trigger changes within the cell that produce a __ in the cytoplasm   show
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show Enzymes  
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Passages that allow water and hydrophilic solutes to move through the membrane   show
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__ open and close under different circumstances; do not remain open at all times   show
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show Carriers  
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show Pumps  
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show Cell-identity markers  
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show Cell-adhesion molecules  
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show Kinases  
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"Fuzzy coat" of the animal cell composed of the carbohydrate moieties of membrane glycolipids and glycoproteins   show
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Human blood types and transfusion compatibility are determined by ___   show
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show Brush border  
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Structural basis for ciliary movement is the ___, which consists of an array of thin protein cylinders running through the core of each cilia   show
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show Selectively permeable  
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Process in which physical pressure forces fluid through a selectively permeable membrane   show
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show Simple diffusion  
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show Tonicity  
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Solution has a lower concentration of solutes than does the cell; causing water to rush into the cell and burst   show
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show Saturation  
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Carries only one type of solute   show
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Carrier protein that can move two or more solutes through a membrane at the same time in the same direction   show
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Process of a carrier moving two or more solute through a membrane at the same time in the same direction   show
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show Antiport  
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show Countertransport  
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Carrier-mediated transport of a solute through a membrane down it's concentration gradient without expenditure of ATP   show
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Move large particles, droplets of fluid, or numerous molecules at once through the membrane using vesicles of the membrane   show
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show Phagosome  
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Form the supportive cores of the microvilli and play a role in cell movement   show
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show Intermediate filaments  
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Cylinders made of protofilaments; radiate from an area of the cell called the centrosome and hold organelles in place   show
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show Nucleus  
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show Nuclear lamina  
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show Chromatin  
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Dark-staining mass inside the nucleus where ribosomes are produced   show
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show Endoplasmic reticulum  
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Cisternae are more tubular, branch more extensively and lack ribosomes   show
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Cisternae are parallel, flattened sacs covered in ribosomes   show
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show Ribosomes  
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Small system of cisternae that synthesize carbohydrates and package materials for transport   show
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Store a cell product, such as breast milk or digestive enzymes, for later release   show
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show Lysosomes  
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show Peroxisomes  
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show Mitochondria  
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show Matrix  
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show Extracted  
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Short cylindrical assembly which plays a role in cell division   show
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show Inclusions  
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show T  
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(T/F) Facilitated transport plays an important role in the blood capillaries where it's used to move need materials from the blood into the tissue and wastes from the tissues into the blood fluid to the kidneys   show
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(T/F) Dynein, a motor protein, uses ATP to move microtubules within the cilia   show
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(T/F) Cilia are used in the respiratory tract and digestive tract to move secretions across the surface of the tissue   show
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show F  
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show T  
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show T  
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show T  
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show T  
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show F  
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(T/F) DNA within our nucleus is always present in the form of chromosomes   show
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(T/F) Organelles that are not surrounded by membranes include ribosomes, centrosome, centrioles and mitochondria   show
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