| Question | Answer |
| Poiseuille’s principle is true for what kind of flow? | Laminar flow |
| What is Reynolds number Nr? | It helps us determine whether a flow is laminar or turbulent
Nr < 2000 = Laminar
Nr> 3000 = Turbulent
2000 > Nr > = Unstable (either one depending on material used) |
| What kind of fluid can Bernoulli's equation be applied to? | Fluids that is in compressible, is frictionless, & has laminar flow |
| Explain the continuity equation | Whether or not the area of a pipe (A1) is larger or smaller than the other end of the pipe (A2), same w/ speed, the volume flow rate into the region A1 must equal the volume flow rate out of the region @ A2 |
| What is the relationship btwn area & speed of a pipe? | ↑ area = ↓ speed
↓ area =↑ speed |
| What is happening in your body when you have high blood pressure? | It means that your heart is generating a very large P1 in order to produce the necessary Q (volume flow rate) to get blood to the tissues in a timely fashion |
| How does Poiseuille's principle apply to blood flow? | When the heart contracts, it generates a large P1, which in turn establishes a pressure difference in the circulatory system ultimately causing blood to circulate & return to the heart |
| In Poiseuille's principle equation, what happens when the radius is doubled? | When the radius of a pipe is doubled the flow rate↑ by a factor of 16 b/c in equation it's r^4 not r |
| What is the volume flow rate Q? | It is the volume V of fluid that passes through a pipe per unit time t |
| Define viscous retarding force | -It is a force that tends to oppose the fluid's motion
-It is caused by the fluid's resistance to flow |
| Define viscosity | It is the friction found in fluids |
| What is the correlation between surface tension & surface area? | ↑ surface tension =↓ surface area
Making the shape of the object more spherical |
| Define surface tension | It is the force associated w/ this tendency of the surface of a liquid to pull inward & shrink in area |
| What conclusion can be made for an object that sinks? | Relative densities= W-to-F buoyant ratio |
| What can be said about an object that floats? | Relative densities = % submerged |
| What happens when the density of an object is less than the density of water? | - It floats above the water line
- Since it has less weight, the buoyant force necessary to make this object float will be smaller |
| What happens to an object when its density equals the density of the water? | -It floats in the middle of the body of water
- The mass (downward force) & buoyant force (upward force) are equal |
| What happens to an object when the density is greater than the density of water? | -The object sinks to the very bottom
- There is a natural & buoyant force acting on the object in the upward direction. Mass is acting in the downward direction |
| What is Pascal's principle? | It states that a pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid & to the walls of the fluid's container |
| Define specific gravity | - It is the ratio of its density to the density of water @ 4 degrees Celsius
-Also called relative density |
| Does the the continuity equation relate more towards compressibility or viscosity? | Compressibility |
| Does the the Bernoulli's equation relate more towards compressibility or viscosity? | Viscosity |
