| Question | Answer |
| Name 5 popular Linux Distros | Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Fedora
Ubuntu
Mandriva
Debian
Slackware
Mint |
| CLI | Comman Line Interface |
| GUI | Graphical User Interface |
| 2 common Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) | KDE - K Desktop Environment
GNOME - GNU Object Model Environment |
| shell | component that interacts with users
command interpreter for the Linux System
accepts user commands and ensures that the kernel carries them out
contains interpretive programming language |
| bash | default linux shell
'bash' opens the bash shell
combines C shell and Bourne shells |
| Bourne | original UNIX shell developed by Steve Bourne at Bell Labs
Available on all Linux systems 'sh' opens the Bourne shell |
| C shell | designed to support C language development environments
designed for more interactive use and less typing
'csh opens the C shell |
| Korn | combination of the C and Bourne Shells
Features of C shell wth syntax of Bourne Shell |
| echo | command that displays the current shell
'echo $SHELL' is the command used |
| more | view one page at a time |
| head | displays the first 10 lines of file or log |
| tail | displays the last 10 lines of a file or log |
| terminal or console | CLI mode
supports up to 6 terminal sessions in CLI
Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6 switches between terminal sessions |
| shell command format | 'command -option argument' |
| option | change or limit the way a command is executed
always preceded by a single - or double -- |
| argument | also called a command line argument
usially a filename or directory that indicates on what the command will operate
can be files, directories, commands or command switches |
| semicolon ';' | used at the CLI to perform multiple functions, one after another |
| date | command that displays and allows you to set the date and time |
| cal | displays the calendar for month or year |
| uptime | displays the time since last reboot |
| load average | average CPU utilization |
| who | shows details of user currently logged into a system |
| whoami | displays current logged in account details |
| hostname | displays the FQDN of the system |
| w | displays details of currently logged in users transactions |
| last | displays history of user login and logout |
| sleep | used to pause system activities
variable is time defined in seconds |
| cat | displays combines and creates text files
frequently used to view small text files |
| which | verify whether the user has the right to execute a command
syntax 'which *command*' |
| init runlevel | |
