Question | Answer |
What does IDA stands for? | Iron
Deficiency
Anemia |
What is the Most Common Anemia? | Iron Deficiency Anemia |
What are the 3 causes of IDA? | (1.)Decreased iron intake (from diet)
(2.)Increased need for iron (preganancy, lacting women, growing children)
(3.)Increase loss of iron(heavy menstruation, chronic blood loss, and Intravascular hemolytic processes) |
What is the Pathogenesis of IDA? | It develops slowly over time. |
Stage 1 of iron depletion | Storage iron depletion |
Stage 2 of iron depletion | Transport iron depletion |
Stage 3 of iron depletion | Functional iron depletion
(iron deficiency anemia) |
Values for Stage 1 iron depletion | RDW - abnormal
Serum Ferritin - decreased |
Effects of Stage 2 iron depletion | Deficient erythropoesis
Not enough iron to insert into Protoporphyrin ring to form heme causing zinc to bind instead |
Values for Stage 2 iron depletion | Hgb - lower
Ferritin - still low
Serum iron - lower
TIBC - will rise
% saturation - lower |
Values for Stage 3 iron depletion | full-blown anemia
H&H - are low
Ferritin - extremely low
Serum iron - low
TIBC - high
%saturation - low |
What does ACD stand for? | Anemia of Chronic Disease |
What is used to stain iron for slides? | Prussian Blue stains hemosiderin |
What is Hemosiderin? | Storage form of iron |
What 3 place in the body is ferritin and hemosiderin found? | Liver
Spleen
Bone Marrow |
What would a blood slide of IDA look like? | Microcytic, hypochromic |
What would be the CBC results for IDA? | Hbg decreased
Elevated RDW |
What is the most common anemia for hospital patients? | Anemia of Chronic Disease |
What are the 6 chronic diseases associated with ACD? | Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Tuberculosis (TB)
Malignancies
Chronic Urinary Tract Infection |
Which anemia is iron abundant? | ADC
Anemia of Chronic Disease |
What is the term for low serum iron? | Sideropenia |
What 2 reactions cause sideropenia? | increased of hepcidin and decreased EPO production |
What is hepcidin? | inflammatory cytokines produced by hepatocytes in to regulate iron levels |
How does hepcidin work? | it blocks the uptake in the duodenum and release from marcophages for recycling; decreasing delivery to RBC |
Where is Erythropoietin (EPO) produced? | in the Kidneys |