| Question | Answer |
| Asepsis | Absence of pathogens |
| Communicable | Disease capable of being transmitted more or less rapidly to other persons; also called contagious |
| Universal Precautions | Guidelines recommended by the Center for Disease Control to prevent the transmission of blood-borne pathogens |
| Sterile | 0 pathogens/microorganisms |
| Vector | An animal, especially an insect, that transmits pathogens from infected to non infected persons
Can carry pathogens on their body or inside their body, they are indirect |
| Terminal sterilization | Process of sterilizing articles after they have been used and before putting them into circulation |
| Sanitization | Destruction of bacteria through good cleaning processes or possibly by boiling water |
| Surgically clean | Not sterile, but as clean as possible |
| Human portals of exit | *Blood: HBV, HIV, blood-borne pathogens
*Fecal matter: Hepatitis, polio, dysentery
*Urine: Typhoid fever
*Respiratory Secretion "septum": TB, common cold
*Saliva: strep, common cold, rabies
*Tears: conjunctivitis
*Semen & Vaginal secretions: HIV, S |
| Occurrence of infection | *Portal of entry
*Resistance of host
*Number of organisms
*Virulence of the organism |
| Types of infections | *Primary
*Secondary
*Mixed
*Latent |
| Secondary | Usually caused by opportunistic type |
| Mixed | Appendicitis, trench mouth, wound infection |
| Latent | Early TB, malaria |
| Acute | Runs a rapid and severe course terminating abruptly |
| Chronic | Runs a slow course over a long period of time; may last for weeks to years |
| Acute | Period of actual illness with symptoms, degree of fever, and length of time depending upon the disease, condition of patient and treatment |
| Convalescent | Begins with decline of fever and acute symptoms; length of time depends upon the severity of the acute stage, treatment, and general health of the patient |
| Incubation | Period between entrance of organisms to the body and onset of symptoms |
| Prodromal | Short period, usually a day or less, when symptoms are vague or cause only mild discomfort |
| What is the order of stages of an acute infection? | *Incubation
*Prodromal
*Acute
*Convalescent |
