Question | Answer |
What was important about the Magna Carta? | Beginning of guarantee of English rights and civil liberties. "Even the King is not above the law" |
What is the name of the group that makes the laws for England? | Parliament-England's government |
What was the English Bill of Rights? | to elect leaders, to own land, freedom of speech and religion, to protest leaders, no excessive fines |
Who were England's rivals in North America? | Spain American Southwest Florida and France Ohio River Valley |
Why were Native Americans involved in conflicts between the French and English? | French NA Allies: Algonquins and Hurons; English NA Allies: Iroquois |
Why were Native Americans more likely to side with the French than the English? | more French in North America and more excepting of NA customs; English: looked down on NA |
What was the 1st attempt to unify the colonies known as? | Albany Plan of Union |
What started the French and Indian war? | Battle at Fort Necessity |
What battle was the turning point in the war? | Battle of Quebec |
What were the terms of the peace agreement for the French and Indian War? | Treaty of Paris and English gains all of Canada |
How did the French and Indian war change the colonies? | Pontiac's Rebellion -colonists move across App. mtns. onto NA lands |
What did the British issue to avoid conflict with Native Americans? | The proclamation of 1763-no settlers went west of the Appalachian mountains |
What major problems did the British face after the French and Indian War? | expansion- 10,000 troops sent to colonies to enforce Proclamation of 1763: war debt |
What were the first attempts by the British to raise money? | 1.) sugar act-indirect tax, molasses wine and coffee 2.) Stamp Act- direct tax, ex. legal documents, books playing cards |
How did the colonists respond to these new taxes? | Sons of Liberty-formed to oppose British policies; riots and violence; boycotts-refusal to buy |
What does: NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION mean? | colonial slogan based on Magna Carta; no elected colonial officials in Parliament=Parliament has no right to tax the colonies |
Some other laws passed by Parliament that angered the colonists? | Quartering Act-housing British soldiers; Townshend Acts-taxes on imported goods; Writs of Assistance- allowed British officers to enter homes to search for smuggled goods |
What happened at the Boston Massacre? | Protest outside of Boston Customs House that got out of control, five colonists dead-Crispus Attucks; used as propaganda |
What was the Tea Act? | gave East India Company exclusive rights to sell in the colonies |
What was the impact of the Boston Massacre? | Townshend Acts repealed: Committees of Correspondence; mistrust and tension remain |
What was the colonial response to the Tea Act? | Protests; Boston Tea Party- colonists dressed as NA and destroyed chests of tea |
What was the British response to the Tea Party? | Intolerable Acts(Coercive Acts); closed the port, banned meetings, dismissed govt., New Quartering Act |
Why did the First Continental Congress meet? | plan colonial response to Intolerable Acts, meeting all colonies except Georgia |
What did the Continental Congress decide to do? | Ban trade with England, colonies to set up militias, agree to meet again in 7 months |
How did the Revolutionary War begin? | minutemen and British meet at Lexington and then Concord |
What did the 2nd Continental Congress do? | set up Continental Army |
What two types of categories did colonists fall into? | patriots-supported independence; loyalists-supported British: 1 out of 5 Americans(20%) |
What were some of the reasons that the colonists remained loyal to England? | Independence, Family, Business, Fear, and Religion |
Why was the Battle of Bunker Hill important? | 1st major battle of war |
What was the book that persuaded many colonists to embrace independence? | Common Sense-written by Thomas Paine: gave reasons why the colonies should be independent of Great Britain; convinced colonists to become Patriots |
What was the significance of July 4th 1776? | Continental Congress accepts the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson - based on philosophy of John Locke all people are born with natural rights |