Question | Answer |
The primary pigment responsible for normal urine color is | urochrome |
Which of the following specific gravity readings correlates with a pale yellow urine? | 1.005 |
The presence of a white precipitate in freshly voided urine can be caused by: | amorphous phosphates in alkaline urine |
The addition of dilute acetic acid to a cloudy urine specimen will dissolve: | amorphous phosphate |
The specific gravity of urine is directly proportional to its: | dissolved solids |
Diabetes mellitus produces a urine with: | increased volume and increased specific gravity |
The refractive index compares: | light velocity in air with light velocity in solutions |
Methemoglobin | Black |
Clorets | Green |
Polydipsia | pale yellow |
Porphobilinogen | red |
Pseudomonas infection | green |
beets | red |
Bilirubin | dark yellow |
normal urine | aromatic |
Bacterial infection | Ammonia |
Diabetes mellitus | Fruity |
Quality control on reagent strips must be performed whenever a/an: | new bottle of strips is opened |
The reagent strip reaction that should be read last is the: | leukocyte esterase |
Failure to blot the edge of the reagent strip may result in errors in color interpretation caused by: | runover |
The principle of the reagent strip test for pH is: | a double indicator reaction |
The normal range of urine pH is | 4.5 to 8.0 |
Which of the following is a cause of prerenal proteinuria? | Multiple myeloma |
The protein section of the reagent strip is most sensitive to: | albumin |
To detect the presence of early renal disease, diabetic patients are tested for: | microalbuminuria |
The principle of the reagent strip test for protein is the: | protein error of indicators |
The SSA test should be performed on: | urine that has been centrifuged |
The test on the Multistix Pro reagent strip that uses a dye-binding principle is: | creatinine |
A first morning specimen is frequently requested to confirm: | a negative urine pregnancy test |
Pediatric urine specimens are additionally tested for the presence of: | galactose using Clinitest |
Reagent strip tests for glucose use: | double sequential enzyme reactions |
A 1+ reagent strip reaction and a 4+ Clinitest reaction could indicate the presence of: | glucose and other reducing substances |
The primary purpose of the Acetest tablets is to: | test serum for increased ketones |
A spotted reaction on the reagent strip reaction for blood indicates: | hematuria |
Which of the following is not true about the Ictotest? | It is less sensitive than the reagent strip test. |
A positive nitrite test suggests the presence of a minimum of: | 105 organisms/mL |
The reagent strip test for nitrite is based on the: | reduction of nitrate in urine to nitrite by bacteria |
Which of the following can produce a negative nitrite test in the presence of significant bacteriuria | Production of nitrogen from the presence of many bacteria |
The cells most frequently associated with urinary tract infection are: | neutrophils |
The number of fields that should be examined when quantitating urinary sediment constituents is: | 10 |
Identification of oval fat bodies can be verified using: | polarized light |
To detect the presence of casts, the sediment is examined using | reduced light under low power |
The presence of crenated RBCs in the urine sediment is associated with: | hypersthenuria |
A patient with severe back pain and 15 to 20 RBCs/hpf in the urine sediment may have: | renal calculi |
Differentiation among RBCs, yeast, and oil droplets may be accomplished by all of the following except: | lysis of yeast cells by acetic acid |
Ghost RBCs most frequently occur with | high pH, low specific gravity |
The presence of hypochromic, irregularly shaped RBCs in the urine sediment indicates: | glomerular bleeding |
Glitter cell is a term used to describe a specific type of: | neutrophil |
An increase in urinary WBCs is called: | pyuria |
Oval fat bodies are: | renal tubular epithelial cells that contain lipids |
The type of cells that line the bladder and ureters are: | transitional |
The location of epithelial cells in the urinary tract in ascending order is: | squamous, transitional, renal tubular |
Clue cells are derived from: | squamous epithelial cells |
The organisms attached to a clue cell are: | Gardnerella vaginalis |
Collection of a midstream clean-catch specimen will alleviate contamination by: | squamous epithelial cells |
Spherical transitional epithelial cells can be differentiated from renal tubular epithelial cells by observing the: | centrally located nucleus in transitional cells |
The primary factor that favors the formation of casts is: | urinary stasis |
The major constituent of casts is: | Tamm-Horsfall protein |
Waxy casts are most easily differentiated from hyaline casts by their: | refractivity |
Hyaline casts are found in the urine sediment: | following strenuous exercise |
Identification of crystals is based on shape and: | urine pH and crystal solubility |
Normal crystals found in acidic urine include: | calcium oxalate, uric acid, amorphous urates |
All of the following crystals are found in acid urine except: | ammonium biurate |
Abnormal crystals are most frequently seen in urine that is: | acid |
Which of the following crystals occurs in two very distinct forms? | Calcium oxalate |
Normal crystals found in alkaline urine include: | triple phosphate, calcium carbonate, ammonium biurate |
Crystals found in the urine that are associated with disease include: | leucine and tyrosine |
Which of the following is most likely to be found in the urine of a diabetic patient? | Candida albicans |
Ammonium biurate | Thorny apple |
Calcium carbonate | Dumbbell |
Triple phosphate | Coffin lid |
Cystine | Hexagonal |
Cholesterol | Notched corners |